Diseño y validación de un cuestionario para la evaluación de estilos de vida en Atención Primaria : “Cuestionario Ponte a 100”

Abstract

El estilo de vida se considera un conjunto de actitudes y comportamientos que adoptan y desarrollan las personas de forma individual o colectiva, para satisfacer sus necesidades como seres humanos y alcanzar así su desarrollo personal, lo que puede suponer un factor de riesgo o de protección para su salud. Las enfermedades no transmisibles, también conocidas como enfermedades crónicas, suelen ser de larga duración y son el resultado de una combinación de factores genéticos, fisiológicos, ambientales y de comportamiento. Los comportamientos modificables, como el consumo de tabaco, la inactividad física, la dieta poco saludable y el consumo nocivo de alcohol, aumentan el riesgo de padecer una enfermedad crónica. Varios estudios han demostrado que, en la población general, las personas que mantienen un estilo de vida saludable tienen un menor riesgo de mortalidad por todas las causas y una mayor esperanza de vida...Lifestyle is considered a set of habits and behavior that people adopt and develop individually or collectively to satisfy their needs as human beings and their personal development, all of which may constitute a harmful or beneficial factor regarding each person’s individual health. Non-communicable diseases, also known as chronic diseases, are often long-lasting and the result of a combination of genetic, physiological, environmental, and behavioral factors. Modifiable habits and behavior, such as tobacco use, physical inactivity, an unhealthy diet or the harmful use of alcohol, increase the risk of developing a chronic disease. Several studies have shown that people who maintain a healthy lifestyle present a longer life expectancy. Primary Care is the most accessible level of healthcare for the general population. According to their portfolio of services, they are the ones who carry out health promotion and disease prevention activities. Thus it is the health care professionals at this level who must ensure that their reference population adopts a lifestyle as healthy as possible. Individual interventions on a single risk factor have been shown to have little impact on health and its key determinants, so a comprehensive approach to habits and behavior susceptible to change is recommended to improve lifestyle...