Estudio de las bases moleculares y de los factores que inducen cambios morfológicos en Cryptococcus neoformans
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2025
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06/05/2024
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans es un hongo cosmopolita ambiental perteneciente a la familia de los basidiomicetos que puede causar enfermedad en personas inmunodeprimidas, principalmente en pacientes VIH+. La infección se adquiere por la inhalación de esporas o levaduras desecadas que llegan a los pulmones. En casos de inmunosupresión, las levaduras pueden diseminar, teniendo especial tropismo por el cerebro y causando el cuadro clínico más severo de la criptococosis, una meningoencefalitis que puede llegar a ser letal si no es diagnosticada y tratada a tiempo. Este hongo posee distintos mecanismos de virulencia que le ayudan a sobrevivir en el huésped, siendo el más característico la presencia de una cápsula de polisacárido que rodea el cuerpo celular. Además, puede cambiar drásticamente de tamaño y generar una población heterogénea durante la infección, lo que favorece la evasión del sistema inmunitario y la adaptación al hospedador...
Cryptococcus neoformans is an environmental cosmopolitan fungus belonging to the basidiomycete family that can cause disease in immunocompromised people, especially HIV+ patients. Spores or desiccated yeasts from the environment are inhaled and can colonize the lungs. In cases of immunosuppression, C. neoformans can disseminate, having special tropism for the brain, where it can cause the most severe clinical presentation of cryptococcosis, a cryptococcal meningitis that can become lethal if not diagnosed and treated on time. This pathogenic yeast has different traits that contribute to its survival in the host. Among its virulence factors, the most characteristic phenotypic feature is the presence of a polysaccharide capsule that surrounds the cell body and protects the fungus during infection. In addition, this yeast can drastically change in size, resulting in a heterogeneous population, which also favours the evasion of the immune system and adaptation to the host. Cell size increase can occur through two mechanisms...
Cryptococcus neoformans is an environmental cosmopolitan fungus belonging to the basidiomycete family that can cause disease in immunocompromised people, especially HIV+ patients. Spores or desiccated yeasts from the environment are inhaled and can colonize the lungs. In cases of immunosuppression, C. neoformans can disseminate, having special tropism for the brain, where it can cause the most severe clinical presentation of cryptococcosis, a cryptococcal meningitis that can become lethal if not diagnosed and treated on time. This pathogenic yeast has different traits that contribute to its survival in the host. Among its virulence factors, the most characteristic phenotypic feature is the presence of a polysaccharide capsule that surrounds the cell body and protects the fungus during infection. In addition, this yeast can drastically change in size, resulting in a heterogeneous population, which also favours the evasion of the immune system and adaptation to the host. Cell size increase can occur through two mechanisms...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Farmacia, leída el 06/05/2024