Offshore wind turbines anomalies detection based on a new normalized power index

Abstract

Anomaly detection in wind turbines involves emphasizing its ability to improve operational efficiency, reduce maintenance costs, extend their lifespan, and enhance reliability in the wind energy sector. This is particularly necessary in offshore wind, currently one of the most critical assets for achieving sustainable energy generation goals, due to the harsh marine environment and the difficulty of maintenance tasks. To address this problem, this work proposes a data-driven methodology for detecting power generation anomalies in offshore wind turbines, using normalized and linearized operational data. The proposed framework transforms heterogeneous wind speed and power measurements into a unified scale, enabling the development of a new wind power index (WPi) that quantifies deviations from expected performance. Additionally, spatial and temporal coherence analyses of turbines within a wind farm ensure the validity of these normalized measurements across different wind turbine models and operating conditions. Furthermore, a Support Vector Machine (SVM) refines the classification process, effectively distinguishing measurement errors from actual power generation failures. Validation of this strategy using real-world data from the Alpha Ventus wind farm demonstrates that the proposed approach not only improves predictive maintenance but also optimizes energy production, highlighting its potential for broad application in offshore wind installations.