Implementación clínica del cociente sFlt-1/PlGF como herramienta diagnóstica y pronóstica de la preeclampsia y la restricción del crecimiento intrauterino
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2023
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27/09/2022
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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La preeclampsia (PE) es un trastorno hipertensivo gestacional que se caracteriza por la existencia de un daño vascular sistémico materno. Afecta al 2-8% de los embarazos y es la segunda causa de mortalidad obstétrica, estando involucrada en el 15% de las muertes maternas, lo que supone más de 50.000 casos anuales (1, 2). Por su parte, la restricción del crecimiento intrauterino (CIR) hace referencia a una situación en la que el feto no alcanza todo su potencial de crecimiento. Afecta al 3-5% de gestaciones en nuestro medio, y se ha relacionado con una mayor morbimortalidad neonatal y otras comorbilidades en la infancia y edad adulta (3). Ambas se engloban en el mismo espectro de complicaciones gestacionales derivadas de una disfunción placentaria (DP), y se asocian con un aumento de la morbimortalidad tanto materna como fetal, especialmente cuando abocan a una finalización de la gestación antes del término. Por tanto, comparten factores de riesgo, y con frecuencia ocurren de manera simultánea, circunstancia que incrementa los resultados adversos (4). Un diagnóstico preciso y precoz, así como una optimización de los cuidados prenatales, resultan críticos para la reducción de sus posibles complicaciones...
Preeclampsia (PE) is a gestational hypertensive disorder characterized by a systemic vascular maternal disease. It affects 2-8% of pregnancies, and is the second cause of obstetric mortality, being involved in 15% of maternal deaths, which means more than 50,000 cases per year (1, 2). Fetal growth restriction (FGR) refers to a situation where the fetus does not reach his full growth potential. It affects 3-5% of pregnancies and is related to an increased neonatal morbimortality and other comorbidities during infant and adulthood (3). Both PE and FGR are included in the same spectrum of pregnancy complications derived from placental dysfunction, and are associated to higher maternal and fetal morbimortality, especially when leading to a preterm delivery. Thus, they both share risk factors, and often appear simultaneously, this increasing adverse outcomes (4). Accurate and early diagnosis, as well as the optimization of perinatal care, are of capital importance for the reduction of their potential complications...
Preeclampsia (PE) is a gestational hypertensive disorder characterized by a systemic vascular maternal disease. It affects 2-8% of pregnancies, and is the second cause of obstetric mortality, being involved in 15% of maternal deaths, which means more than 50,000 cases per year (1, 2). Fetal growth restriction (FGR) refers to a situation where the fetus does not reach his full growth potential. It affects 3-5% of pregnancies and is related to an increased neonatal morbimortality and other comorbidities during infant and adulthood (3). Both PE and FGR are included in the same spectrum of pregnancy complications derived from placental dysfunction, and are associated to higher maternal and fetal morbimortality, especially when leading to a preterm delivery. Thus, they both share risk factors, and often appear simultaneously, this increasing adverse outcomes (4). Accurate and early diagnosis, as well as the optimization of perinatal care, are of capital importance for the reduction of their potential complications...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, leída el 27-09-2022