Uso de agonistas de TLRs para mejorar la respuesta inmune en vacunas
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2016
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Abstract
Los receptores TLR (Toll-Like Receptor) son proteínas transmembrana presentes en células del sistema inmune innato. Su activación desencadena una respuesta inflamatoria e inmune dirigida a destruir el patógeno y es una pieza decisiva en la maduración de las células presentadoras de antígeno, sirviendo de puente entre la inmunidad innata y la adaptativa.
Esta estimulación del sistema inmune supone que los ligandos de los TLRs puedan tener aplicación como adyuvantes en vacunas. En esta revisión se ha recurrido a fuentes bibliográficas para recopilar la información existente sobre su potencial uso en intervenciones inmunoprofilácticas.
Se han examinado estrategias basadas en la estimulación de TLR3 y de TLR5, así como otras estrategias menos estudiadas. Los resultados observados indican que este es un campo prometedor para la investigación y el desarrollo de vacunas más seguras y eficaces.
TLR (Toll-Like Receptors) are membrane-spanning proteins expressed in cells of the innate immune system. Their activation by ligands triggers inflammation and an immune response aimed to destroy the pathogen, and is crucial to the maturation of antigen presenting cells, serving as a link between innate and adaptative immunity. This stimulation of the immune opens the possibility of using TLR ligands as adjuvants in vaccines. In this review, bibliographic sources were consulted to compile the existing information about their potential use in immunoprophylaxis. Strategies based on both TLR3 and TLR5 stimulation, as well as others were analyzed. The observed results point out that this is a promising field for research and development of safer and more effective vaccines.
TLR (Toll-Like Receptors) are membrane-spanning proteins expressed in cells of the innate immune system. Their activation by ligands triggers inflammation and an immune response aimed to destroy the pathogen, and is crucial to the maturation of antigen presenting cells, serving as a link between innate and adaptative immunity. This stimulation of the immune opens the possibility of using TLR ligands as adjuvants in vaccines. In this review, bibliographic sources were consulted to compile the existing information about their potential use in immunoprophylaxis. Strategies based on both TLR3 and TLR5 stimulation, as well as others were analyzed. The observed results point out that this is a promising field for research and development of safer and more effective vaccines.