Desarrollo y validación de un nomograma de probabilidad de cáncer de próstata en hombres sanos referidos. Estudio de cohortes histórica
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2021
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28/01/2021
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El cáncer de próstata, uno de los más prevalentes en varones en el mundo, presenta una importante heterogenicidad. Debido a su amplio espectro de comportamientos, se han centrado muchos esfuerzos en crear herramientas predictivas que ayuden a realizar recomendaciones basadas en la evidencia a nivel individual.
El diagnóstico se hace mediante biopsia. La decisión de realizarla se basa en la sospecha clínica o biológica. El PSA se ha convertido en el principal marcador utilizado para indicar una biopsia de próstata. No obstante son más que reconocidas sus limitaciones en términos de sensibilidad y especificidad a la hora de predecir un cáncer de próstata.
Debido a la complejidad que supone en muchas ocasiones la decisión de biopsiar o no la próstata, se han desarrollado nomogramas predictivos y redes neuronales artificiales como herramientas de ayuda al clínico a seleccionar los varones a los que biopsiar. Estas herramientas combinan varios factores de riesgo, además de los valores de PSA, de forma que el valor predictivo de PSA para definir el riesgo de cáncer de próstata mejora de forma significativa...
Prostate cancer, one of the most prevalent in men in the world, presents significant heterogenicity. Due to their broad spectrum of behaviors, many efforts have been focused on creating predictive tools that help make evidence-based recommendations at the individual level. The diagnosis is made by biopsy. The decision to perform it is based on clinical suspicion. PSA has become the main marker used to indicate a prostate biopsy. However, its limitations in terms of sensitivity and specificity when predicting prostate cancer are worldwide recognized. Due to the complexity of the decision to biopsy the prostate on many occasions, predictive nomograms and artificial neural networks have been developed as tools to help the clinician select the men to biopsy. These tools combine several risk factors, in addition to PSA values, so that the predictive value of PSA to define the risk of prostate cancer improves significantly...
Prostate cancer, one of the most prevalent in men in the world, presents significant heterogenicity. Due to their broad spectrum of behaviors, many efforts have been focused on creating predictive tools that help make evidence-based recommendations at the individual level. The diagnosis is made by biopsy. The decision to perform it is based on clinical suspicion. PSA has become the main marker used to indicate a prostate biopsy. However, its limitations in terms of sensitivity and specificity when predicting prostate cancer are worldwide recognized. Due to the complexity of the decision to biopsy the prostate on many occasions, predictive nomograms and artificial neural networks have been developed as tools to help the clinician select the men to biopsy. These tools combine several risk factors, in addition to PSA values, so that the predictive value of PSA to define the risk of prostate cancer improves significantly...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Cirugía, leída el 28/01/2021