Publication: Construyendo la paz - un análisis crítico de las actividades de segunda vía a partir de los relatos de negociadores israelíes y palestinos
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2024-04-22
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
En el último medio siglo, el campo de resolución de conflictos (RC) se ha abierto cada vez más a las aportaciones de la sociedad civil. Se han utilizado multitud de términos, que a menudo se solapan, para describir las actividades no oficiales de RC, como el marco de las tres vías (Lederach, 1997; Agha et al. 2003), el marco de las nueve vías (Diamond & McDonald, 1996), así como términos que son sinónimos parciales, como resolución interactiva de conflictos (ICR), backchannel, talleres de resolución de problemas (PSW), emprendimiento de la paz o diplomacia ciudadana. En el contexto israelí-palestino hay una avalancha de actores dispuestos a invertir en esfuerzos para lograr la paz. A pesar del creciente interés, la eficacia ha sido limitada. Dentro de la amplia bibliografía sobre la RC, esta tesis ofrece una lectura crítica de las actividades de RC y negociación desde el contexto del conflicto israelí-palestino. La investigación se centra específicamente en las negociaciones de segunda vía y en los negociadores, que operan en los límites de las negociaciones 'oficiales' y 'no oficiales' o 'in-formales'. Explora cómo los negociadores dan sentido a sus prácticas de negociación dentro de culturas de negociación más amplias. Para alcanzar dicho objetivo, esta investigación cualitativa se basa en una rica tradición de filosofías construccionistas y adopta un enfoque inspirado en la teoría fundamentada para recopilar, organizar y analizar los datos (Charmaz, 1991, 2019). El análisis se basa en 21 entrevistas cualitativas semiestructuradas individuales, que se conectaron a una lente crítica general, incluyendo, por ejemplo, la teoría poscolonial con in-fluencias posestructuralistas y feministas. De este modo, enmarca las negociaciones de segunda vía dentro de las racionalidades neoliberales y neocoloniales contemporáneas. Así mismo, la tesis revela que la forma en que los negociadores entienden sus prácticas, que consideran al mismo tiempo valiosas y poco impactantes, creó unos límites altamente difusos para las actividades de segunda vía en el conflicto israelí-palestino...
In the last half a century the field of conflict resolution has become increasingly open to contributions from civil society. A multitude of terms, which often overlap, has been used to describe unofficial conflict resolution activities, including the Three Track Framework (Lederach, 1997; Agha et al. 2003), the Nine Track framework of Diamond & McDonald (1996), as well as partially overlapping terms such as interactive conflict resolution (ICR), backchannel, problem-solving workshops (PSWs), peace entrepreneurs, or citizen diplomacy. In the Israeli/Palestinian context there is a flurry of actors willing to invest in efforts to bring peace. Despite the ever-increasing interest, efficacy has been limited. From within this wider conflict resolution literature, this thesis provides a critical reading of the conflict resolution and negotiation activities from the context of the Israeli/Palestinian conflict. It focuses specifically on second-track negotiations and negotiators, which operate on the boundaries of 'official' and 'unofficial' or 'informal' negotiations. It explores how negoti-ators make sense of their negotiation practices within the wider negotiation culture. To further such a goal, this qualitative research draws on a rich tradition of constructionist philosophies and takes a Grounded Theory inspired approach to collect, organise and analyse data (Charmaz, 1991, 2019). The analysis is based on 21 individual semi-structured qualitative interviews, which were plugged into an overarching critical lens, including, for example, post-colonial theory with post-structuralist and feminist influences. In doing so, it frames Second Track ne-gotiations within contemporary neoliberal and neocolonial rationalities. As such, the thesis ar-gues that negotiators' understandings of their practices, which they viewed as simultaneously valuable yet unimpactful, created vastly blurry boundaries for second-track activities within the Israeli/Palestinian conflict...
In the last half a century the field of conflict resolution has become increasingly open to contributions from civil society. A multitude of terms, which often overlap, has been used to describe unofficial conflict resolution activities, including the Three Track Framework (Lederach, 1997; Agha et al. 2003), the Nine Track framework of Diamond & McDonald (1996), as well as partially overlapping terms such as interactive conflict resolution (ICR), backchannel, problem-solving workshops (PSWs), peace entrepreneurs, or citizen diplomacy. In the Israeli/Palestinian context there is a flurry of actors willing to invest in efforts to bring peace. Despite the ever-increasing interest, efficacy has been limited. From within this wider conflict resolution literature, this thesis provides a critical reading of the conflict resolution and negotiation activities from the context of the Israeli/Palestinian conflict. It focuses specifically on second-track negotiations and negotiators, which operate on the boundaries of 'official' and 'unofficial' or 'informal' negotiations. It explores how negoti-ators make sense of their negotiation practices within the wider negotiation culture. To further such a goal, this qualitative research draws on a rich tradition of constructionist philosophies and takes a Grounded Theory inspired approach to collect, organise and analyse data (Charmaz, 1991, 2019). The analysis is based on 21 individual semi-structured qualitative interviews, which were plugged into an overarching critical lens, including, for example, post-colonial theory with post-structuralist and feminist influences. In doing so, it frames Second Track ne-gotiations within contemporary neoliberal and neocolonial rationalities. As such, the thesis ar-gues that negotiators' understandings of their practices, which they viewed as simultaneously valuable yet unimpactful, created vastly blurry boundaries for second-track activities within the Israeli/Palestinian conflict...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología, leída el 12/12/2023