Evaluación de alteraciones genéticas y de la inmunidad innata humoral y celular de pacientes sometidos a trasplante cardíaco
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2024
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12/12/2023
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
En el contexto de nuevas estrategias terapéuticas inmunosupresoras e inmunomoduladoras en pacientes con trasplantes de órgano sólido (TOS) y de progenitores, de nuevos métodos de soporte vital (ECMO, asistencias circulatorias), de nuevas inmunoterapias en enfermedades reumáticas, autoinmunes sistémicas y autoinflamatorias así como de inmunoterapias avanzadas en oncología, se ha condicionado una creciente población de enfermos con inmunodeficiencia secundaria(inmunosuprimidos) con alto riesgo de incidencia y gravedad de infecciones en las últimas décadas. Esto ha conducido a un incremento en la prevalencia de infecciones oportunistas como el citomegalovirus (CMV), otras reactivaciones virales (virus BK), resistencias microbianas a terapias, todo lo cual se relaciona con la dificultad en el uso de los tratamientos antimicrobianos, hospitalizaciones prolongadas, etc que conllevan cada vez a mayores estancias y gasto hospitalario...
In the context of new immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory therapeutic strategies in patients with solid organ transplantation (SOT), of new methods of life support (ECMO, circulatory assistance), of new immunotherapies in rheumatic, systemic autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases, as well as of advanced immunotherapies in oncology, a growing population of patients with secondary immunodeficiency (immunocompromised) has been conditioned with a high risk of incidence and severity of infections in recent decades. This has led to an increase in the prevalence of opportunistic infections such as cytomegalovirus (CMV), other viral reactivations (BK virus), microbial resistance to therapies, all of which are related to the difficulty in the use of antimicrobial treatments, and hospital stay enlarged that increasingly lead to longer costs...
In the context of new immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory therapeutic strategies in patients with solid organ transplantation (SOT), of new methods of life support (ECMO, circulatory assistance), of new immunotherapies in rheumatic, systemic autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases, as well as of advanced immunotherapies in oncology, a growing population of patients with secondary immunodeficiency (immunocompromised) has been conditioned with a high risk of incidence and severity of infections in recent decades. This has led to an increase in the prevalence of opportunistic infections such as cytomegalovirus (CMV), other viral reactivations (BK virus), microbial resistance to therapies, all of which are related to the difficulty in the use of antimicrobial treatments, and hospital stay enlarged that increasingly lead to longer costs...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, leída el 12-12-2023