Una aproximación al valor añadido generado en los mercados de drogas ilegales en España
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2006
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Instituo de Estudios Fiscales
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Abstract
El Sistema Contable de Naciones Unidas (SNA 93) y el Sistema Europeo de Cuentas (SEC 95) establecen que la legalidad de las transacciones es irrelevante para su tratamiento en el sistema de cuentas nacionales. Este trabajo desarrolla una metodología que nos permita incorporar a las cuentas nacionales el valor añadido que generan los mercados de drogas ilegales en España. Utilizamos dos enfoques, a saber, el enfoque de demanda que parte del consumo de drogas que se realiza en España, y el enfoque de oferta que parte de la producción mundial de los distintos tipos de drogas. Esta metodología trata, en la medida de lo posible, de combinar un enfoque top-down con un enfoque bottom-up, lo que nos permitirá detectar incoherencias, así como posibles debilidades en los datos, con objeto de calibrar los resultados y mejorar la fiabilidad de los mismos.
El período de análisis es 1997-2003 y los resultados indican que el mercado que genera mayor valor añadido en 2003 es el de cocaína, seguido del de heroína y del de resina de hachís, aunque este orden relativo no se mantiene constante a lo largo de todo el período.
The United Nations Accounting System (SNA 93) and the European System of Accounts (ESA 95) establish that the legality of transactions is irrelevant to their treatment in the system of national accounts. This work develops a methodology that allows us to incorporate into national accounts the added value generated by the illegal drug markets in Spain. We use two approaches, namely, the demand approach that starts from the consumption of drugs in Spain, and the supply approach that starts from the world production of the different types of drugs. This methodology tries, as far as possible, to combine a top-down approach with a bottom-up approach, which will allow us to detect inconsistencies, as well as possible weaknesses in the data, in order to calibrate the results and improve their reliability. The analysis period is 1997-2003 and the results indicate that the market with the greatest added value in 2003 is cocaine, followed by heroin and hashish resin, although this relative order does not remain constant throughout the period. Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator
The United Nations Accounting System (SNA 93) and the European System of Accounts (ESA 95) establish that the legality of transactions is irrelevant to their treatment in the system of national accounts. This work develops a methodology that allows us to incorporate into national accounts the added value generated by the illegal drug markets in Spain. We use two approaches, namely, the demand approach that starts from the consumption of drugs in Spain, and the supply approach that starts from the world production of the different types of drugs. This methodology tries, as far as possible, to combine a top-down approach with a bottom-up approach, which will allow us to detect inconsistencies, as well as possible weaknesses in the data, in order to calibrate the results and improve their reliability. The analysis period is 1997-2003 and the results indicate that the market with the greatest added value in 2003 is cocaine, followed by heroin and hashish resin, although this relative order does not remain constant throughout the period. Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator