Los factores determinantes del comportamiento innovador de las cooperativas: un análisis para el caso de Castilla y León
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2016
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Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales. Escuela de Estudios Cooperativos
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Abstract
Las cooperativas tienen una larga trayectoria histórica en la economía española y han demostrado su capacidad para competir frente a las empresas tradicionales en el mercado. Para mantener esa capacidad, además de aprovechar las ventajas competitivas vinculadas con su idiosincrasia como empresas de la economía social, deben tener en consideración que la economía está crecientemente globalizada y, cada vez más, basada en el conocimiento, en especial, el de contenido tecnológico. Consecuencia de lo anterior, la capacidad innovadora aparece con un aspecto clave para hacer frente a sus competidores. En este artículo se caracteriza el comportamiento innovador de las cooperativas en Castilla y León y se analizan los factores internos y externos que afectan a su desempeño innovador, tomando como base los datos de una encuesta realizada a 581 cooperativas de la citada comunidad autónoma. Los resultados del análisis empírico realizado, que se lleva a cabo mediante regresión logística binaria multivariante sobre distintos tipos de innovación, permiten identificar la dimensión de las organizaciones, la existencia de planificación, las actividades de I+D y el capital humano como los principales factores determinantes.
Cooperatives have a long historical experience in the Spanish economy and have demonstrated their ability to compete against traditional firms in the market. To maintain this capability, while taking advantage of the competitive advantages associated with their idiosyncrasies as social economy enterprises, they should take into consideration that the economy is increasingly globalized and increasingly knowledge-based, especially with regards to technological content. As a consequence, the innovative capacity appears to be a key aspect in order to be able to challenge competitors. This article characterizes the innovative behavior of cooperatives in the region of Castile and Leon and analyses the internal and external factors affecting their innovative performance, based on data from a survey of 581 cooperatives. The results of the empirical analysis, which is performed by multivariate binary logistic regression on various types of innovation, lead us to identify the size of the organizations, the existence of planning, the R & D activities and the human capital as the main determining factors.
Cooperatives have a long historical experience in the Spanish economy and have demonstrated their ability to compete against traditional firms in the market. To maintain this capability, while taking advantage of the competitive advantages associated with their idiosyncrasies as social economy enterprises, they should take into consideration that the economy is increasingly globalized and increasingly knowledge-based, especially with regards to technological content. As a consequence, the innovative capacity appears to be a key aspect in order to be able to challenge competitors. This article characterizes the innovative behavior of cooperatives in the region of Castile and Leon and analyses the internal and external factors affecting their innovative performance, based on data from a survey of 581 cooperatives. The results of the empirical analysis, which is performed by multivariate binary logistic regression on various types of innovation, lead us to identify the size of the organizations, the existence of planning, the R & D activities and the human capital as the main determining factors.