Impacto económico de los ensayos clínicos en oncología en el hospital Clínico San Carlos
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2023
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16/12/2022
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El cáncer es una de las causas principales de morbilidad y mortalidad en todo el mundo, e igualmente una de las áreas principales de investigación y realización de ensayos clínicos (EC). En España en 2015, el cáncer fue la segunda enfermedad que más años de vida perdido causó y se estimaron los costes directos de tratamiento hospitalario de esta patología en 2,8 millones de euros (casi el 10% del gasto sanitario español y el 0,66% del PIB (producto interior bruto) de ese año.)Objetivos: Revisar y describir los costes directos en medicamentos y pruebas complementarias asociados a la realización de ensayos clínicos en oncología en el Hospital Clínico San Carlos. Método: Se ha realizado un estudio del consumo de recursos en medicamentos y pruebas complementarias de los pacientes incluidos en ensayos clínicos de oncología, en las áreas de tumores de vejiga, próstata y digestivo, durante los años 2014-2020. Tras la identificación de los EC, se revisaron las historias clínicas cuantificando el número de pruebas complementarias y el número de ciclos recibidos o periodo de tratamiento de cada paciente y se calcularon los costes. Posteriormente, se comparó el coste total de medicamentos dentro del ensayo clínico y según la práctica clínica habitual (PCH) (para ello se consultaron las guías de tratamiento de la SEOM y ESMO). Igualmente se procedió con el coste de las pruebas complementarias y el seguimiento de los pacientes según la PCH. Los precios de medicamentos se obtuvieron a partir del PVL del Nomenclátor del año 2020. Para el precio de las pruebas complementarias, utilizamos los precios publicados en el Boletín Oficial de precios de Andalucía y Extremadura. No se han considerado precios para los fármacos experimentales que no han sido comercializados, igualmente, no se ha asignado ningún coste al uso de placebo en los distintos estudios. No se han tenido en cuenta otros costes directos o indirectos distintos a los mencionados...
Cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide,and also one of the main areas of research and clinical trials (CT). In Spain in 2015, cancer was the second disease that caused the most years of life lost and the direct costs of hospital treatment were estimated at 2.8 million euros (almost 10% of Spanish healthcare expenditure and 0.66% of GDP (gross domestic product) that year).Objetive: Revise and describe the direct costs of drugs and complementary tests associated with conducting clinical trials in oncology at Hospital Clínico San Carlos. Methods: A study was conducted on the consumption of resources in drugs and complementary tests of patients included in oncology clinical trials, in the areas of bladder, prostate and digestive tumors, during the years 2014-2020. The clinical records were reviewed quantifying the number of complementary tests and the number of cycles or treatment period for each patient and the costs were calculated. Subsequently, the total cost of drugs was compared within the clinical trial and according to standard clinical practice (SCP) (the SEOM and ESMO treatment guidelines were consulted for this purpose). Likewise, the cost of complementary tests and patient follow-up according to the SCP were also compared. Drug prices were obtained from the PVL of the Nomenclature for the year 2020. For the price of complementary tests, we used the prices published in the Official Price Bulletin of Andalucia and Extremadura. No prices have been considered for experimental drugs that have not been currently marketed, likewise, no cost has been assigned to the use of placebo. No direct or indirect costs other than those mentioned above have been taken into account...
Cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide,and also one of the main areas of research and clinical trials (CT). In Spain in 2015, cancer was the second disease that caused the most years of life lost and the direct costs of hospital treatment were estimated at 2.8 million euros (almost 10% of Spanish healthcare expenditure and 0.66% of GDP (gross domestic product) that year).Objetive: Revise and describe the direct costs of drugs and complementary tests associated with conducting clinical trials in oncology at Hospital Clínico San Carlos. Methods: A study was conducted on the consumption of resources in drugs and complementary tests of patients included in oncology clinical trials, in the areas of bladder, prostate and digestive tumors, during the years 2014-2020. The clinical records were reviewed quantifying the number of complementary tests and the number of cycles or treatment period for each patient and the costs were calculated. Subsequently, the total cost of drugs was compared within the clinical trial and according to standard clinical practice (SCP) (the SEOM and ESMO treatment guidelines were consulted for this purpose). Likewise, the cost of complementary tests and patient follow-up according to the SCP were also compared. Drug prices were obtained from the PVL of the Nomenclature for the year 2020. For the price of complementary tests, we used the prices published in the Official Price Bulletin of Andalucia and Extremadura. No prices have been considered for experimental drugs that have not been currently marketed, likewise, no cost has been assigned to the use of placebo. No direct or indirect costs other than those mentioned above have been taken into account...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, leída el 16-12-2022