Revisión sistemática de la Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual (TCC) para el Trastorno de Ansiedad Generalizada (TAG): una comparativa de los formatos presencial versus online.
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2025
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04/06/2025
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Abstract
Esta revisión sistemática tuvo como objetivo comparar la eficacia de la Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual (TCC) en formato presencial y online para el tratamiento del Trastorno de Ansiedad Generalizada (TAG). Para ello, se llevó a cabo una búsqueda en las bases de datos APA PsycInfo, MEDLINE, PubMed y Scopus, utilizando criterios de inclusión que otorgaron prioridad a ensayos clínicos aleatorizados publicados entre 2015 y 2025. Se seleccionaron un total de 12 estudios, de los cuales 8 evaluaban la TCC presencial y 4 analizaban su aplicación online. Los hallazgos señalan que ambas modalidades de intervención resultan efectivas en la reducción de la sintomatología ansiosa, preocupación patológica y deterioro funcional vinculados al TAG. No obstante, la TCC presencial mostró ventajas clínicas más consistentes, con mayores tasas de remisión y adherencia al tratamiento. En contraste, la TCC online evidenció mayores tasas de abandono, especialmente en formatos autoadministrados sin supervisión profesional, aunque los tratamientos online con apoyo terapéutico sincrónico ofrecieron resultados comparables a los presenciales. En resumen, los resultados evidencian que el formato de aplicación influye directamente en la eficacia de la TCC para el TAG, siendo determinantes factores como la estructura del tratamiento, una duración mínima de doce semanas y la implicación activa del terapeuta, especialmente en las intervenciones online.
This systematic review aimed to compare the efficacy of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in face-to-face and online format for the treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). For this purpose, a search was conducted in the APA PsycInfo, MEDLINE, PubMed and Scopus databases, using inclusion criteria that gave priority to randomized clinical trials published between 2015 and 2025. A total of 12 studies were selected, of which 8 evaluated face-to-face CBT and 4 analyzed its online application. The findings indicate that both intervention modalities are effective in reducing anxious symptomatology, pathological worry and functional impairment associated with GAD. However, face-to-face CBT showed more consistent clinical advantages, with higher rates of remission and adherence to treatment. In contrast, online CBT evidenced higher dropout rates, especially in selfadministered formats without professional supervision, although online treatments with synchronous therapeutic support offered comparable results to face-to-face ones. In summary, the results show that the format of application directly influences the efficacy of CBT for GAD, with factors such as the structure of the treatment, a minimum duration of 12 weeks and the active involvement of the therapist being determinant, especially in online interventions.
This systematic review aimed to compare the efficacy of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in face-to-face and online format for the treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). For this purpose, a search was conducted in the APA PsycInfo, MEDLINE, PubMed and Scopus databases, using inclusion criteria that gave priority to randomized clinical trials published between 2015 and 2025. A total of 12 studies were selected, of which 8 evaluated face-to-face CBT and 4 analyzed its online application. The findings indicate that both intervention modalities are effective in reducing anxious symptomatology, pathological worry and functional impairment associated with GAD. However, face-to-face CBT showed more consistent clinical advantages, with higher rates of remission and adherence to treatment. In contrast, online CBT evidenced higher dropout rates, especially in selfadministered formats without professional supervision, although online treatments with synchronous therapeutic support offered comparable results to face-to-face ones. In summary, the results show that the format of application directly influences the efficacy of CBT for GAD, with factors such as the structure of the treatment, a minimum duration of 12 weeks and the active involvement of the therapist being determinant, especially in online interventions.










