Sierra Nevada (Spain), the southernmost European locality for the polar-alpine Umbilicaria aprina and U. virginis.

Abstract

Two strict polar-alpine Umbilicaria species (U. aprina and U. virginis) are reported growing together in Los Peñones de San Francisco. Other localities known on the highest summits of the Alps and Pyrenees are considered. We discussed the meaning of these isolated populations as glacial relicts.