El macizo de Gredos (Sistema Central español): un ejemplo mundial de procesos magmáticos en el nivel de emplazamiento
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2025
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CSIC
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Díaz-Alvarado, J., Rodríguez, C., Fernández, C., & Castro, A. (2025). El macizo de Gredos (Sistema Central español): Un ejemplo mundial de procesos magmáticos en el nivel de emplazamiento. Estudios Geológicos, 81(2), 1128. https://doi.org/10.3989/egeol.45705.1128
Abstract
El macizo de Gredos ocupa la parte central del batolito del Sistema Central español. Está constituido principalmente por granodioritas y monzogranitos de afinidad calco-alcalina, ricos en álcalis, con cantidades menores de rocas leucograníticas y básicas. Donde se han estudiado con detalle, las unidades intrusivas forman cuerpos tabulares emplazados en las rocas metamórficas que conformaban la corteza media en el Carbonífero tardío, que quedan como septas de metasedimentos y migmatitas entre las láminas intrusivas. La historia reciente de levantamiento y glaciarismo en la Sierra de Gredos ha permitido que muchas de sus gargantas y laderas expongan excelentes afloramientos rocosos que ofrecen la oportunidad de observar ejemplos de interés mundial de procesos magmáticos en el nivel de emplazamiento. El estudio de las relaciones de campo en afloramientos como el del macizo de Gredos ha permitido discutir en profundidad el origen de las fábricas y estructuras magmáticas, observar la variedad de tipos de enclaves y como estos ayudan a profundizar en aspectos petrogenéticos y reológicos, o interpretar más precisamente los procesos de interacción (asimilación) entre los magmas intrusivos y los metasedimentos encajantes. Este trabajo representa un viaje al interior de la corteza donde se produjeron todos estos procesos magmáticos, mostrando sus principales características basandonos en las relaciones de campo, y apoyados en otro conjunto de evidencias geoquímicas, petrológicas, estructurales, experimentales y geocronológicas.
The Gredos massif occupies the central part of the Spanish Central system batholith. It primarily comprises calc-alkaline granodiorites and monzogranites rich in alkalis, with lesser amounts of leucogranitic and basic rocks. In areas where detailed studies have been conducted, the intrusive units form tabular bodies emplaced within the metamorphic rocks that constituted the mid-crust during the Late Carboniferous, remaining as septa of metasediments and migmatites between the intrusive sheets. The recent history of uplift and glaciation in the Sierra de Gredos has exposed many of these plutonic and metamorphic rocks, revealing excellent outcrops that provide opportunities to observe world-class examples of magmatic processes at the emplacement level. The study of field relations in outcrops such as the Gredos massif has enabled an in-depth discussion on the origin of magmatic fabrics and structures, the observation of the variety of enclave types and how these contribute to a deeper understanding of petrogenetic and rheological aspects, as well as a more precise interpretation of the interaction (assimilation) processes between intrusive magmas and the host metasediments. This work represents a journey into the crust where all these magmatic processes occurred, highlighting their main characteristics based on field relationships and supported by geochemical, petrological, structural, experimental, and geochronological evidence.
The Gredos massif occupies the central part of the Spanish Central system batholith. It primarily comprises calc-alkaline granodiorites and monzogranites rich in alkalis, with lesser amounts of leucogranitic and basic rocks. In areas where detailed studies have been conducted, the intrusive units form tabular bodies emplaced within the metamorphic rocks that constituted the mid-crust during the Late Carboniferous, remaining as septa of metasediments and migmatites between the intrusive sheets. The recent history of uplift and glaciation in the Sierra de Gredos has exposed many of these plutonic and metamorphic rocks, revealing excellent outcrops that provide opportunities to observe world-class examples of magmatic processes at the emplacement level. The study of field relations in outcrops such as the Gredos massif has enabled an in-depth discussion on the origin of magmatic fabrics and structures, the observation of the variety of enclave types and how these contribute to a deeper understanding of petrogenetic and rheological aspects, as well as a more precise interpretation of the interaction (assimilation) processes between intrusive magmas and the host metasediments. This work represents a journey into the crust where all these magmatic processes occurred, highlighting their main characteristics based on field relationships and supported by geochemical, petrological, structural, experimental, and geochronological evidence.











