Caracterización multiparamétrica de los perfiles inmuno-moleculares en el cáncer microcítico de pulmón
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2024
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05/04/2024
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El cáncer microcítico de pulmón (CMP) constituye aproximadamente el 13-15% de todos los casos de cáncer de pulmón y es considerado de los subtipos más agresivos y de peor pronóstico. A diferencia del cáncer no microcítico, no presenta alteraciones moleculares tratables. El tratamiento inicial apenas había variado en las últimas décadas hasta la inclusión de la inmunoterapia en combinación con la quimioterapia tradicional en el CMP en estadio extendido. Esta combinación ha revelado un modesto porcentaje de pacientes que, sin embargo, presenta respuestas duraderas y un beneficio clínico nunca antes visto. Es crucial profundizar en la comprensión del microambiente inmune en el CMP para identificar a los pacientes más idóneos para beneficiarse de los inhibidores de PD-1/PD-L1 (del inglés, Programmed cell death protein 1/Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 1), y encontrar nuevos enfoques terapéuticos complementarios. Además, nuevos avances en el conocimiento de los rasgos transcripcionales de la enfermedad han incrementado significativamente el interés en la posibilidad de aplicar estrategias de medicina personalizada en CMP...
Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) constitutes approximately 13-15% of all lung cancer cases and is considered one of the most aggressive with a poor prognosis. Unlike non small cell lung cancer, SCLC does not present treatable molecular alterations. The treatment regimen had barely changed in recent decades until the inclusion of immunotherapy in combination with traditional chemotherapy in extensive-stage SCLC. This combination has revealed a modest percentage of patients who, nonetheless, exhibit lasting responses and a clinical benefit never seen before. It is crucial to delve into the understanding of the immune microenvironment in SCLC to identify the most suitable patients for receiving immunotherapy and to discover new therapeutic approaches. Furthermore, new advances in the understanding of the transcriptional features of the disease have significantly increased interest in the possibility of applying personalized medicine strategies in SCLC...
Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) constitutes approximately 13-15% of all lung cancer cases and is considered one of the most aggressive with a poor prognosis. Unlike non small cell lung cancer, SCLC does not present treatable molecular alterations. The treatment regimen had barely changed in recent decades until the inclusion of immunotherapy in combination with traditional chemotherapy in extensive-stage SCLC. This combination has revealed a modest percentage of patients who, nonetheless, exhibit lasting responses and a clinical benefit never seen before. It is crucial to delve into the understanding of the immune microenvironment in SCLC to identify the most suitable patients for receiving immunotherapy and to discover new therapeutic approaches. Furthermore, new advances in the understanding of the transcriptional features of the disease have significantly increased interest in the possibility of applying personalized medicine strategies in SCLC...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, leída el 05-04-2024