Desarrollo de un sensor óptico de formaldehído para ambientes industriales
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2023
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06/05/2022
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El formaldehído (FA, HCHO) es un compuesto orgánico volátil muy apreciado en sectores industriales dedicados a la producción de resinas, materiales de construcción, compuestos químicos, agrícolas y biosanitarios, entre otros. Los trabajadores implicados en el manejo del formaldehído, así como los trabajadores que manejan productos derivados de las anteriores industrias, son especialmente vulnerables a sufrir la sobreexposición a este aldehído durante su jornada laboral. Entre ellos se encuentran los trabajadores de la industria papelera, textil, maderera, del caucho, de la construcción y decoración, etc. Los riesgos más preocupantes relacionados con la sobreexposición a este contaminante son su potencial carcinogénico en humanos* y su relación con afecciones respiratorias derivadas de su exposición ya sea aguda o crónica. De acuerdo con los potenciales efectos perjudiciales del formaldehído sobre la salud de los trabajadores, la Comisión Europea ha establecido límites de exposición laboral a corto y largo plazo de 0.74 mg mˉ³ (0.6 ppmv) y 0.37 mg mˉ³ (0.3 ppmv), respectivamente. En España, el Instituto de Seguridad y Salud en el trabajo (INSST) ha adoptado los mismos límites. En el panorama internacional, la Administración de Seguridad y Salud Ocupacional(OSHA) de los EE. UU. ha establecido unos límites de exposición permisible (PEL) de 0.75ppmv para una media ponderada en el tiempo (TWA) de 8 h y un PEL de 2 ppmv para la exposición a corto plazo (15 min; STEL)...
Formaldehyde (HCHO) is a volatile organic compound that is highly valued in industrial sectors dedicated to the production of resins, building materials, chemical, agricultural and bio-health products, among others. Workers involved in the handling of formaldehyde, aswell as workers handling products derived from the mentioned industries, are particularly vulnerable to the overexposure to this aldehyde during their occupational activities. These include workers in the paper, textile, wood, rubber, construction, decoration industries, etc. The most worrying risks related to overexposure to this pollutant are its carcinogenic potential in humans and its association with respiratory disorders resulting from acute or chronic exposure to formaldehyde*. In accordance with the potential harmful effects of formaldehyde on workers' health, the European Commission has established short- and long-term occupational exposure limits of 0.74 mg m¯³ (0.6 ppmv) and 0.37 mg m¯³ (0.3 ppmv), respectively. In Spain, the Institute for Safety and Health at Work (INSST) has adopted the same limits. On the international scene, the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has established permissible exposure limits (PEL) of 0.75 ppmv for a time-weighted average (TWA) of 8 hand a PEL of 2 ppmv for short-term exposure limits (15 min; STEL)...
Formaldehyde (HCHO) is a volatile organic compound that is highly valued in industrial sectors dedicated to the production of resins, building materials, chemical, agricultural and bio-health products, among others. Workers involved in the handling of formaldehyde, aswell as workers handling products derived from the mentioned industries, are particularly vulnerable to the overexposure to this aldehyde during their occupational activities. These include workers in the paper, textile, wood, rubber, construction, decoration industries, etc. The most worrying risks related to overexposure to this pollutant are its carcinogenic potential in humans and its association with respiratory disorders resulting from acute or chronic exposure to formaldehyde*. In accordance with the potential harmful effects of formaldehyde on workers' health, the European Commission has established short- and long-term occupational exposure limits of 0.74 mg m¯³ (0.6 ppmv) and 0.37 mg m¯³ (0.3 ppmv), respectively. In Spain, the Institute for Safety and Health at Work (INSST) has adopted the same limits. On the international scene, the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has established permissible exposure limits (PEL) of 0.75 ppmv for a time-weighted average (TWA) of 8 hand a PEL of 2 ppmv for short-term exposure limits (15 min; STEL)...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, leída el 06-05-2022