Técnicas digitales 3D aplicadas a la conservación-restauración de colecciones con modelos anatómicos científicos : propuestas metodológicas alternativas y protocolos de mínima intervención
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2024
Defense date
19/01/2024
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Los avances científicos y tecnológicos que tuvieron lugar a finales del siglo XVIII y principios del XIX, favorecieron la colaboración estrecha entre campos de saber diversos. El enfoque inicial de la pedagogía científica implicaba la utilización de especímenes naturales. Estos iban acompañados de otros apoyos visuales como los grabados y las láminas anatómicas, de modo que los estudiantes pudieran comprender mejor las explicaciones durante las lecciones magistrales. Sin embargo, los especímenes naturales solían descomponerse rápidamente, lo que impedía, muchas veces, observar las estructuras anatómicas correctamente. En consecuencia, la búsqueda de sustitutos de las preparaciones propició la simbiosis de la ciencia y del arte con la creación de los modelos anatómicos artificiales tridimensionales. Dichos artefactos demostraron ser unas herramientas de gran utilidad, aunque, la evolución de los sistemas de enseñanza, con el paso del tiempo provocó su obsolescencia y consecuente abandono. El desgaste material como resultado de su funcionalidad original, junto con los inadecuados espacios de almacenamiento, han potenciado su crítico estado de conservación, suponiendo un gran reto para los conservadores y restauradores...
The scientific and technological advances that took place at the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century favored close collaboration between different fields of knowledge. The initial approach to scientific pedagogy involved the use of natural specimens. These media were accompanied by other visual materials such as engravings and anatomical plates so that students could better understand the explanations during lectures. However, natural specimens tended to decompose quickly, which often prevented the observation of anatomical structures correctly. Consequently, the search for substitutes for the preparations led to the symbiosis of science and art with the creation of three-dimensional artificial anatomical models. These artifacts proved to be very useful tools, although the evolution of teaching systems, over time, caused their obsolescence and consequent abandonment. Material wear as a result of their original functionality, together with inadequate storage spaces, has exacerbated their critical state of conservation, posing a great challenge for conservators and restorers...
The scientific and technological advances that took place at the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century favored close collaboration between different fields of knowledge. The initial approach to scientific pedagogy involved the use of natural specimens. These media were accompanied by other visual materials such as engravings and anatomical plates so that students could better understand the explanations during lectures. However, natural specimens tended to decompose quickly, which often prevented the observation of anatomical structures correctly. Consequently, the search for substitutes for the preparations led to the symbiosis of science and art with the creation of three-dimensional artificial anatomical models. These artifacts proved to be very useful tools, although the evolution of teaching systems, over time, caused their obsolescence and consequent abandonment. Material wear as a result of their original functionality, together with inadequate storage spaces, has exacerbated their critical state of conservation, posing a great challenge for conservators and restorers...