Volver. Trayectorias migratorias y procesos de retorno de España a Argentina

Abstract

El objetivo general de esta tesis doctoral es estudiar las recientes migraciones de retorno de España a Argentina en el marco de trayectorias migratorias que en diversas fases de su desarrollo (emigración-inmigración-retorno) han estado atravesadas por contextos de crisis económicas, sociales y políticas en ambos espacios geográficos. En otras palabras,lo que pretende es comprender cómo, en general, las migraciones de retorno se articulan en tanto proceso a lo largo de las trayectorias migratorias, y cómo, en particular, lo hacen a la luz de esos contextos socio-históricos concretos que han marcado las condiciones de(re)producción de la emigración, la inmigración y el retorno entre Argentina y España en el cambio de siglo.Mediante una investigación de corte cualitativo esta tesis constituye un esfuerzo por construir las tramas, por ofrecer un texto que de cuenta de la migración de retorno como proceso social, priorizando –entre los múltiples y posibles puntos de vista desde los cuales narrarlo– los relatos multilocales de vida migratoria recogidos mediante la realización de entrevistas abiertas a mujeres y hombres que retornaron de España a Argentina y cuyas trayectorias migratorias se articulan entre los años 1998 y 2014...

The general objective of this doctoral thesis is to study recent return migration from Spain to Argentina within the framework of migratory trajectories, which in various phases of their development (emigration–immigration–return) have been traversed by the contexts of economic, social and political crises in both geographical spaces. In other words, this research seeks to understand how, in general, return migration is articulated as a process along migratory trajectories, and how, in particular, it has been undertaken in light of the concrete socio-historical contexts that marked the conditions of (re)production of emigration, immigration and return between Argentina and Spain at the turn of the century. Through qualitative research this thesis strives to build narratives by offering a text that accounts for return migration as a social process, prioritizing—among the multiple and possible points of view from which to narrate it—the multilocal stories of migratory lives collected through open interviews with women and men who returned to Argentina from Spain, and whose migratory trajectories took place between 1998 and 2014. Using a transnational approach and with intersectional sensitivity, the analytical strategy of the empirical material has, on the one hand, the privilege of spatio-temporal coordinate multiplicity; that is, it focuses on how return migration is synchronically and diachronically embedded in a transnational space, which involves multiple geographic enclaves; on the other hand, it pays attention to how returns are articulated in different ways depending on the generational, class and gender dynamics that cross different migratory trajectories, in spatio-temporal combinations that connect the conditions of the (re)production of mobility to the socio-historical contexts of departure/destination...