Aspectos socioculturales y pronóstico de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC)
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2017
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01/02/2016
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La base de la asistencia sanitaria es la relación que se establece entre el paciente y los profesionales sanitarios, por tanto, es fundamental que la información que los médicos transmiten a los pacientes sea comprendida por el paciente y que toda la documentación con información médico‐sanitaria que reciban los pacientes sea comprensible tanto para ellos como para los familiares que colaboran en el manejo de sus enfermedades. Según la encuesta nacional de alfabetización en adultos en Estados Unidos realizada en 1992, que consideraba 5 niveles, el 21% de los encuestados se encontraba en el inferior de ellos. En Reino Unido el 16% de los adultos encuestados tenía un nivel de alfabetización sanitaria equivalente al de un niño de 11 años. El 58,3% de la población general española encuestada presentaba una alfabetización sanitaria problemática o inadecuada según la encuesta europea de alfabetización en salud realizada en 2011. Se define alfabetismo sanitario o médico como “el grado en el que los individuos tienen la capacidad de adquirir, procesar y comprender la información sanitaria básica y los servicios que necesitan para tomar las decisiones sanitarias adecuadas.” Existe una potente asociación entre alfabetismo y eficacia de los tratamientos y entre alfabetismo y mortalidad. Sin embargo, a la hora de evaluar los factores pronósticos de las enfermedades crónicas, incluida la EPOC, esto rara vez se tiene en cuenta...
The basis of health care is the relationship between the patient and healthcare professionals. It is therefore essential that the patient can understand all the medical and health information. According to the National Survey of Literacy in Adults in the United States made in 1992, in which 5 levels of literacy were considered, 21% of respondents were within the lowest level. In the United Kingdom 16% of surveyed adults had a health literacy level equivalent to that of a child of 11 years. Spanish general population in the European Survey of Literacy on Health in 2011 had a problematic or inadequate health literacy in 58% of the cases. Misunderstanding medical and health information is a first order problem of the health care system. United Nations considers that health literacy is one of the most important factors to achieve the health objectives and therefore believes that it is necessary to develop plans to promote health literacy. Health literacy is "the degree in which individuals have the ability to acquire, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions”. There is a strong association between literacy and efficacy of treatments and between literacy and mortality. However, when evaluating the prognostic factors of chronic diseases, including COPD, rarely is it takes into account...
The basis of health care is the relationship between the patient and healthcare professionals. It is therefore essential that the patient can understand all the medical and health information. According to the National Survey of Literacy in Adults in the United States made in 1992, in which 5 levels of literacy were considered, 21% of respondents were within the lowest level. In the United Kingdom 16% of surveyed adults had a health literacy level equivalent to that of a child of 11 years. Spanish general population in the European Survey of Literacy on Health in 2011 had a problematic or inadequate health literacy in 58% of the cases. Misunderstanding medical and health information is a first order problem of the health care system. United Nations considers that health literacy is one of the most important factors to achieve the health objectives and therefore believes that it is necessary to develop plans to promote health literacy. Health literacy is "the degree in which individuals have the ability to acquire, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions”. There is a strong association between literacy and efficacy of treatments and between literacy and mortality. However, when evaluating the prognostic factors of chronic diseases, including COPD, rarely is it takes into account...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Medicina, leída el 01-02-2016