"Els menors d’edat no poden anar al tanatori". Un estudi sobre el dol infantil i adolescent
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2018
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Campanera, M.; Izquierdo, R.; Gamarra, M. (2018) Els menors d’edat no poden anar al tanatori. Un estudi sobre el dol infantil i adolescent, Revista Etnologia de Catalunya [en línia], 43:92-98. ISSN 1132-6581 / ISSN 2014-6310
Abstract
Com viuen les nenes i els nens la mort d’un familiar? Per intentar respondre aquesta pregunta es va fer una investigació sobre el dol infantil i adolescent el 2016. El propòsit era investigar les experiències infantils i juvenils al voltant de la mort d’un ésser estimat, situant-los en el marc familiar i social, un context en el qual podíem evidenciar que la mort es viu com un tabú i en què es tendeix a apartar les nenes, els nens i els adolescents d’aquest fenomen social i biològic.
Ha estat un estudi qualitatiu pioner en l’anàlisi dels sentiments i les experiències infantils i adolescents sobre el dol des d’una perspectiva social, psicoafectiva i de drets. Els resultats de l’estudi apunten que la tendència comunicativa i de gestió emocional de cada família determina la quantitat i la qualitat dels diàlegs entre adults i nenes, nens i adolescents sobre la mort, l’acompanyament emocional adult en l’expressió de les emocions infantils i adolescents, i el grau de participació en l’acompanyament del familiar passat. De fet, com menys comunicació i gestió emocional hi ha, menys participació en els actes de comiat i record. En canvi, a les llars on hi ha més comunicació, també hi ha més gestió emocional i participació en els rituals funeraris. D’aquí que concloguem que el dol en la infantesa i en l’adolescència està determinat tant pel tabú social al voltant de la mort, com per la tendència comunicativa i de gestió emocional familiar.
How do children experience the death of a family member? Trying to answer this question, in 2016 we conducted an investigation on grief amongst children and teenagers. The purpose was to investigate the experiences of children and teenagers around the death of a loved one within the family and social context. According to our findings, death is experienced as a taboo and families and society tend to separate children and adolescents from this social and biological phenomenon. Our research was a pioneering qualitative study analysing the feelings and experiences of children and adolescents about grief from a social, psychoaffective and rights perspective. The results of the study suggest that the way each family manages communication and emotions determines the quantity and quality of the dialogues between adults and children and adolescents about death, the emotional support children and adolescents receive from adults in expressing their emotions, and their level of participation in saying goodbye to the deceased relative. In fact, the less the communication and emotional management, the less the participation in farewell and / or remembrance acts. Furthermore, in households where there is greater communication, there is also greater emotional management and participation in funeral rituals. Hence, we conclude that childhood and adolescent grief is determined both by the social taboo surrounding death, and by the communicative and emotional management of the family.
How do children experience the death of a family member? Trying to answer this question, in 2016 we conducted an investigation on grief amongst children and teenagers. The purpose was to investigate the experiences of children and teenagers around the death of a loved one within the family and social context. According to our findings, death is experienced as a taboo and families and society tend to separate children and adolescents from this social and biological phenomenon. Our research was a pioneering qualitative study analysing the feelings and experiences of children and adolescents about grief from a social, psychoaffective and rights perspective. The results of the study suggest that the way each family manages communication and emotions determines the quantity and quality of the dialogues between adults and children and adolescents about death, the emotional support children and adolescents receive from adults in expressing their emotions, and their level of participation in saying goodbye to the deceased relative. In fact, the less the communication and emotional management, the less the participation in farewell and / or remembrance acts. Furthermore, in households where there is greater communication, there is also greater emotional management and participation in funeral rituals. Hence, we conclude that childhood and adolescent grief is determined both by the social taboo surrounding death, and by the communicative and emotional management of the family.