Spanish Cross-Cultural Adaptation, Rasch Analysis and Validation of the Ocular Comfort Index (OCI) Questionnaire

Abstract

The Ocular Comfort Index (OCI) assesses ocular surface irritation and grades the severity of dry eye disease. This study sought to adapt the OCI questionnaire into Spanish, and then to assess the psychometric performance and validity of the new adapted version (OCI-versión española, OCIVE). The questionnaire was translated, back translated, and then cross-culturally adapted for use with Spanish-speaking individuals. The OCIVE was completed by 450 participants, including 53 subjects that were diagnosed with dry eye disease. Through a Rasch analysis, the psychometric properties of item fit, targeting, person separation, reliability, and differential item functioning (DIF) were assessed. To test the convergent validity, we examined the correlation between the OCIVE and the Computer Vision Symptom Scale (CVSS17). Validity was tested in a subgroup of participants with and without dry eye, and test-retest repeatability was determined in a subset of 151 individuals. We also compared, via DIF, the performance of the OCIVE with that of the original OCI. Our Rasch analysis revealed a good model fit, high accuracy, good targeting, unidimensionality, and no DIF according to gender. The validity and repeatability were good. The OCIVE shows comparable psychometric properties to the original English version, making it a valid tool for measuring dry eye symptoms in Spanish adults.