Explanatory factors for the distribution of short-term rentals in coastal destinations: the impact of second homes in Alicante

Abstract

The popularization of the use of STRs as an alternative to traditional accommodation has significantly changed the accommodation sector. This is not a new phenomenon; however their exponential growth accounts for a disruptive scope in many cities. In this context, the article aims to identify the factors that drive the location of STRs in the city of Alicante, a traditional sun and beach destination, to assess whether there is a relationship with second homes and whether the influence of this factor varies spatially, which could indicate the existence of different patterns of use and occupation of these dwellings by their owners. A Geographically Weighted Regression model is used to identify its determining factors. To complement the main methodology, a clustering analysis was carried out considering the number of blocked days per month of each STRs with the purpose of spatially characterizing the typology of the STRs offer in Alicante. The results of the research show, on the one hand, that there are four factors that explain the location of the STRs in Alicante: the percentage of non-main housing, the percentage of foreign population, the percentage of main housing in rental regime and the distance to the main beaches of the municipality. On the other hand, the STRs with the highest number of blocked days are concentrated in Playa de San Juan, while the majority of STRs without blocked days, which are identified as commercial dwellings, are located in the city center.