Desarrollo de una herramienta para un uso responsable de los antibacterianos veterinarios en un contexto One Health
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2025
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Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo
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Gilabert Santos, J. A. (2025). Desarrollo de una herramienta para un uso responsable de los antibacterianos veterinarios en un contexto One Health: e202512083. Revista Española De Salud Pública, 99(1), 38 páginas. Recuperado a partir de https://ojs.sanidad.gob.es/index.php/resp/article/view/1166
Abstract
FUNDAMENTOS // Esta revisión viene justificada por promover un mejor conocimiento de los antibacterianos usados en veterinaria entre todos los profesionales de la salud. Con este objetivo se ha desarrollado una herramienta de referencia rápida para un uso prudente y responsable de los antibacterianos autorizados en animales, acorde a su categorización para reservar aquellos críticos en medicina humana, frente el creciente problema del aumento de bacterias resistentes o multirresistentes.
MÉTODOS // Se recopiló y organizó la información de todos y cada uno de los principios activos autorizados y comercializados en España y su uso en diferentes especies animales en una tabla panel, que incluye sus características más relevantes junto con la categorización para un uso prudente y responsable en animales, recomendada por
la Agencia Europea del Medicamento (EMA).
RESULTADOS // La tabla recoge un total de 68 principios activos en 761 especialidades de uso en 12 especies animales. En perros y gatos se dispone de 30 y en animales de producción de 54. Las clases principales y con mayor número de especialidades son beta-lactámicos (penicilinas y cefalosporinas), aminoglucósidos, macrólidos y fluoroquinolonas. Cefalosporinas de 3ª y 4ª generación y fluoroquinolonas no deben ser empleadas como tratamiento de 1ª línea.
CONCLUSIONES // Esta tabla pretende contribuir a la mejora de una adecuada y prudente prescripción clínica y promover el aprendizaje y la enseñanza de los antibacterianos y a la lucha contra las resistencias bacterianas en un contexto One Health, interrelacionando salud humana, animal y medioambiental. La tabla puede ser adaptada a los antibacterianos disponibles en otros países.
Objective: This review is justified by promoting better knowledge of the antibacterials used in veterinary medicine among all health professionals. For this purpose, a quick reference tool has been developed for the prudent and responsible use of authorized antibacterial agents in animals, according to their categorization to reserve those critical in human medicine, to face the growing problem of the growth of resistant or multi-resistant bacteria. Methods: Information was collected and organized for each of the active ingredients authorized and marketed in Spain and its use in different animal species in a panel table that includes their most relevant characteristics along with categorization for prudent and responsible use in animals, recommended by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). Results: The table lists a total of 68 active substances in 761 specialties used in 12 animal species. In dogs and cats, 30 are available and 54 in production animals. The main classes with the largest number of specialties are beta-lactams (penicillins and cephalosporins), aminoglycosides, macrolides and fluoroquinolones. Cephalosporins of the 3rd and 4th generation and fluoroquinolones should not be used as a first-line treatment. Conclusions: This table aims to contribute to the improvement of an adequate and prudent clinical prescription and promote the learning and teaching of antibacterial and the fight against bacterial resistance in a One Health context interrelating human, animal and environmental health. The table can be adapted to antibacterial drugs available in other countries. Keywords: Antibacterials; Antimicrobial resistance; Classification; One Health; Pharmacology; Public Health; Spain; Veterinary medicine.
Objective: This review is justified by promoting better knowledge of the antibacterials used in veterinary medicine among all health professionals. For this purpose, a quick reference tool has been developed for the prudent and responsible use of authorized antibacterial agents in animals, according to their categorization to reserve those critical in human medicine, to face the growing problem of the growth of resistant or multi-resistant bacteria. Methods: Information was collected and organized for each of the active ingredients authorized and marketed in Spain and its use in different animal species in a panel table that includes their most relevant characteristics along with categorization for prudent and responsible use in animals, recommended by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). Results: The table lists a total of 68 active substances in 761 specialties used in 12 animal species. In dogs and cats, 30 are available and 54 in production animals. The main classes with the largest number of specialties are beta-lactams (penicillins and cephalosporins), aminoglycosides, macrolides and fluoroquinolones. Cephalosporins of the 3rd and 4th generation and fluoroquinolones should not be used as a first-line treatment. Conclusions: This table aims to contribute to the improvement of an adequate and prudent clinical prescription and promote the learning and teaching of antibacterial and the fight against bacterial resistance in a One Health context interrelating human, animal and environmental health. The table can be adapted to antibacterial drugs available in other countries. Keywords: Antibacterials; Antimicrobial resistance; Classification; One Health; Pharmacology; Public Health; Spain; Veterinary medicine.