Análisis y evolución de los gabinetes de comunicación digitales de las universidades privadas de la Comunidad de Madrid. Estudio de casos, aplicación práctica estratégica y potencial de futuro
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2024
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11/07/2023
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Entre los principales desafíos en los que se encuentra el sector educativo universitario privado en España, está el buen uso de las nuevas tecnologías y las redes sociales dentro de su estrategia de marketing. La alta competencia, el aumento de nuevas instituciones (se ha multiplicado por 5 el número de centros en 20 años) y la aparición constante de nuevas herramientas de comunicación han forzado a las universidades privadas a tener presencia en la mayoría de las redes sociales existentes con la finalidad de conseguir más estudiantes y afianzar su marca. Esta tesis pretende identificar las estrategias utilizadas en social media por las universidades privadas españolas para comprobar el grado de implementación al entorno digital y, más concretamente, las estrategias usadas en las 11 universidades privadas pertenecientes a la Comunidad de Madrid. Metodología: Se ha realizado un diseño metodológico basado en una investigación descriptiva, exploratoria, correlacional y comparativa. Esta investigación ha englobado la utilización simultánea tanto de métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos a través de un análisis bibliométrico, un análisis netnográfico, encuestas, entrevistas, cuestionarios y estudios de casos. Resultados: Los resultados revelan una clara implicación de las universidades en el entorno de las redes sociales en los últimos años; no obstante, la investigación refleja que gran parte de los gabinetes de comunicación no le destinan los recursos necesarios (equipo, tiempo y presupuesto) para una buena gestión y planificación de la comunicación digital. Sin embargo, este análisis también ha evidenciado una tendencia positiva en la visión de los estudiantes sobre las redes sociales universitarias. Además, la correcta utilización de la comunicación digital únicamente a través de contenidos creativos y de calidad en las instituciones universitarias es un pilar fundamental para mejorar las relaciones con su target y para conseguir más tráfico y seguidores. Conclusiones: Esta investigación constata la progresiva adaptación que siguen experimentando los gabinetes de comunicación digitales de las universidades privadas a raíz del auge de las redes sociales. No obstante, estas estrategias de comunicación tienen algunas debilidades: perfil polivalente, escasez de recursos humanos, no están alineadas las políticas de comunicación offline y online, falta de recursos económicos y una escasa apuesta por redes sociales como TikTok. Por lo tanto, tener presencia en los diferentes perfiles de los social media en ocasiones no genera un rendimiento óptimo si no poseen estrategias que estén alineadas con los objetivos propuestos por cada una de las instituciones universitarias y si no utilizan los recursos necesarios.
Among the main challenges faced by the private university education sector in Spain is the good use of new technologies and social networks within its marketing strategy. The high competition, the increase of new institutions (the number of centres has increased fivefold in 20 years) and the constant appearance of new communication tools have forced private universities to be present in most of the existing social networks in order to get more students and strengthen their brand. This thesis aims to identify the strategies used in social media by Spanish private universities to check the degree of implementation in the digital environment, and more specifically, the strategies used in the 11 private universities in the Community of Madrid. Methodology: The methodological design was based on descriptive, exploratory, correlational and comparative research. This research has encompassed the simultaneous use of both quantitative and qualitative methods through a bibliometric analysis, a netnographic analysis, surveys, interviews, questionnaires and case studies. Results: The results reveal a clear involvement of universities in the social media environment in recent years; however, the research shows that most of the communication offices do not allocate the necessary resources (equipment, time and budget) for good management and planning of digital communication. Nevertheless, this analysis also revealed a positive trend in the students' vision of university social networks. Furthermore, the correct use of digital communication only through creative and quality content in university institutions is a cornerstone for improving relations with their target audience and for achieving more traffic and followers. Conclusions: This research confirms the gradual adaptation that the digital communication offices of private universities are still undergoing as a result of the rise of social networks. Even so, this communication strategies has some weaknesses: a multipurpose profile, a shortage of human resources, the absence of alignment between offline and online communication policies, a lack of economic resources and a weak commitment to social networks, such as TikTok. Therefore, having a presence in the different social media profiles sometimes does not generate optimal performance if the strategies are not aligned with the objectives proposed by each of the university institutions and if the necessary resources are not used.
Among the main challenges faced by the private university education sector in Spain is the good use of new technologies and social networks within its marketing strategy. The high competition, the increase of new institutions (the number of centres has increased fivefold in 20 years) and the constant appearance of new communication tools have forced private universities to be present in most of the existing social networks in order to get more students and strengthen their brand. This thesis aims to identify the strategies used in social media by Spanish private universities to check the degree of implementation in the digital environment, and more specifically, the strategies used in the 11 private universities in the Community of Madrid. Methodology: The methodological design was based on descriptive, exploratory, correlational and comparative research. This research has encompassed the simultaneous use of both quantitative and qualitative methods through a bibliometric analysis, a netnographic analysis, surveys, interviews, questionnaires and case studies. Results: The results reveal a clear involvement of universities in the social media environment in recent years; however, the research shows that most of the communication offices do not allocate the necessary resources (equipment, time and budget) for good management and planning of digital communication. Nevertheless, this analysis also revealed a positive trend in the students' vision of university social networks. Furthermore, the correct use of digital communication only through creative and quality content in university institutions is a cornerstone for improving relations with their target audience and for achieving more traffic and followers. Conclusions: This research confirms the gradual adaptation that the digital communication offices of private universities are still undergoing as a result of the rise of social networks. Even so, this communication strategies has some weaknesses: a multipurpose profile, a shortage of human resources, the absence of alignment between offline and online communication policies, a lack of economic resources and a weak commitment to social networks, such as TikTok. Therefore, having a presence in the different social media profiles sometimes does not generate optimal performance if the strategies are not aligned with the objectives proposed by each of the university institutions and if the necessary resources are not used.
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias de la Información, leída el 11/07/2023