Relevancia de la fusión celular y de los hepatocitos de novo como fuentes de hepatocitos en la homeostasis, daño, envejecimiento y regeneración hepáticas en ratones reporteros de linaje celular
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2024
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11/04/2023
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El principal mecanismo responsable de la renovación de hepatocitos es la proliferación de los hepatocitos maduros. El presente trabajo se centró en dos fuentes alternativas de hepatocitos cuantitativamente minoritarias y menos caracterizadas: a) las células progenitoras intrahepáticas, que al proliferar y diferenciarse dan lugar a hepatocitos de nuevo linaje o hepatocitos de novo, y b) el fenómeno de fusión celular entre hepatocitos y células de estirpe mieloide. Las hipótesis del trabajo fueron:1. El fenómeno de fusión celular ocurre en condiciones fisiológicas normales (fuera del contexto de trasplante de órganos o inmunosupresión), y es inducido por la edad y por diversos insultos hepáticos.2. La edad induce una reducción del compartimento de hepatocitos de novo y una disminución de su capacidad proliferativa intrínseca...
The main mechanism responsible for hepatocyte renewal is the proliferation of mature hepatocytes. The present work focused on two quantitatively minor and less characterized alternative sources of hepatocytes: a) intrahepatic progenitor cells, which, give rise to hepatocytes of a new lineage, or de novo hepatocytes, when they proliferate and differentiate, and b) the phenomenon of cell fusion between hepatocytes and myeloid-derived cells.The hypotheses of the work were:● The cell fusion phenomenon occurs under normal physiological conditions (outside of the context of organ transplantation or immunosuppression), and is induced byaging and various liver insults.● Aging induces a reduction in the de novo hepatocyte compartment and a decrease in their intrinsic proliferative capacity...
The main mechanism responsible for hepatocyte renewal is the proliferation of mature hepatocytes. The present work focused on two quantitatively minor and less characterized alternative sources of hepatocytes: a) intrahepatic progenitor cells, which, give rise to hepatocytes of a new lineage, or de novo hepatocytes, when they proliferate and differentiate, and b) the phenomenon of cell fusion between hepatocytes and myeloid-derived cells.The hypotheses of the work were:● The cell fusion phenomenon occurs under normal physiological conditions (outside of the context of organ transplantation or immunosuppression), and is induced byaging and various liver insults.● Aging induces a reduction in the de novo hepatocyte compartment and a decrease in their intrinsic proliferative capacity...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, leída el 11-04-2023