Infección por Clostridioides Difficile (ICD) adquirida en la comunidad: epidemiología, factores de riesgo y de predicción de mala evolución
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Publication date
2024
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05/07/2023
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Villar Gómara L. Infección por Clostridioides Difficile (ICD) adquirida en la comunidad: epidemiología, factores de riesgo y de predicción de mala evolución 2024.
Abstract
Clostridioides difficile es una bacteria anaerobia que provoca desde colitis leve hasta colitis pseudomembranosa y enfermedad refractaria al tratamiento fulminante y fatal (1). La infección por C. difficile (ICD) es la causa más común de diarrea adquirida en el hospital en países desarrollados, afectando mayoritariamente a mayores con patología previa y se asocia al consumo de antibióticos (2).Pero en los últimos años se ha visto una epidemiología cambiante, afectando a una población tradicionalmente en bajo riesgo de padecerla, como son los pacientes comunitarios (3). La incidencia de la ICD adquirida en la comunidad (ICD-AC) está en aumento (4), desconociéndose cifras precisas sobre su incidencia en España ni su comportamiento clínico en este entorno.La secuenciación del genoma ha permitido conocer que la transmisión desde pacientes con ICD adquirida en hospital tiene menos peso del que se pensaba, existiendo otras potenciales fuentes del entorno comunitario (5). Además, la epidemiología molecular española ha demostrado ser diferente a la europea y estadounidense (6). Por todo ello, la realización de un estudio en profundidad en términos epidemiológicos, clínicos y microbiológicos de la ICD-AC es de gran relevancia...
Clostridioides difficile is an anaerobic bacteria that causes from mild to moderate colitis to pseudomembranous colitis and treatment-refractory, fulminant and fatal disease (1). C. difficile infection (CDI) is the most common cause of hospital-acquired diarrhoea in developed countries. It traditionally affects mostly older people with previous pathology and is associated with antibiotic use (2).However, there has been a changing epidemiology in recent years affecting a population that in principle is at low risk of infection such as community patients (3). In recent decades, the incidence of community-acquired CDI (CA-CDI) appears to be increasing (4). Though, precise data on the incidence of CA-CDI in Spain and its clinical behaviour in this setting scarce.Advances in genome sequencing have shown that transmission through hospital contact with patients with CDI is less important than previously thought and therefore there are other potential sources in the community setting (5). Furthermore, the Spanish situation has shown to be different, in terms of ribotypes, to other countries in Europe and the USA (6). Thus, an in-depth epidemiological, clinical and microbiological studies on CA-CDI patients is of great importance...
Clostridioides difficile is an anaerobic bacteria that causes from mild to moderate colitis to pseudomembranous colitis and treatment-refractory, fulminant and fatal disease (1). C. difficile infection (CDI) is the most common cause of hospital-acquired diarrhoea in developed countries. It traditionally affects mostly older people with previous pathology and is associated with antibiotic use (2).However, there has been a changing epidemiology in recent years affecting a population that in principle is at low risk of infection such as community patients (3). In recent decades, the incidence of community-acquired CDI (CA-CDI) appears to be increasing (4). Though, precise data on the incidence of CA-CDI in Spain and its clinical behaviour in this setting scarce.Advances in genome sequencing have shown that transmission through hospital contact with patients with CDI is less important than previously thought and therefore there are other potential sources in the community setting (5). Furthermore, the Spanish situation has shown to be different, in terms of ribotypes, to other countries in Europe and the USA (6). Thus, an in-depth epidemiological, clinical and microbiological studies on CA-CDI patients is of great importance...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Farmacia, leída el 05/07/2023