Estudio del efecto de la mutación TDP-43 M323K en el fenotipo del modelo murino de TDP-43 proteinopatía y su modulación por dietas
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2025
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04/07/2025
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Las TDP-43 proteinopatías, que incluyen enfermedades como la esclerosis lateral amiotrófica (ELA) y la demencia frontotemporal (DFT), se caracterizan por la acumulación patológica de la proteína TDP-43 en el cerebro y la médula espinal. Mutaciones en el gen TARDBP, que codifica esta proteína, están implicadas en el desarrollo de estas enfermedades neurodegenerativas. En este estudio, se utilizó un modelo murino con una mutación puntual en el gen Tardbp que expresa la mutación TDP-43 M323K a niveles fisiológicos, lo que provoca una degeneración neuronal motora leve de aparición tardía. Los ratones homocigotos para esta mutación son letales al nacer, por lo que el objetivo fue generar ratones homocigotos viables para estudiar los efectos fenotípicos, bioquímicos y moleculares de la mutación TDP-43 M323K en el contexto de las proteinopatías TDP-43. Estos ratones se generaron en un fondo híbrido F1 (C57Bl/6J x DBA/2J) y se caracterizaron desde el punto de vista cognitivo y motor, y se realizaron análisis bioquímicos y moleculares longitudinales entre los 3, 6, 9 y 12 meses de edad. Los resultados mostraron que la mutación M323K provoca alteraciones cognitivas desde el principio y pequeñas alteraciones motoras desde el final. Estas alteraciones se correlacionan con un incremento de la inflamación y la astrogliosis en el cerebro de los ratones envejecidos, así como con alteraciones en las uniones neuromusculares y motoneuronas tanto superiores como inferiores, así como con una sobreexpresión sistémica de TDP-43 y una deslocalización citoplasmática de la proteína. Estas alteraciones bioquímicas y moleculares se asociaron con fenotipos cognitivos, motores y metabólicos, y proporcionan un modelo que permite estudiar las características relacionadas con el espectro de las proteinopatías por TDP-43, como la ELA y la DFT...
TDP-43 proteinopathies, which include diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (DFT), are characterised by the pathological accumulation of TDP-43 protein in the brain and spinal cord. Mutations in the TARDBP gene, which encodes this protein, have been implicated in the development of these neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we used a mouse model with a point mutation in the Tardbp gene that expresses the TDP-43 M323K mutation at physiological levels, resulting in late-onset mild motor neuron degeneration. Mice homozygous for this mutation are lethal at birth, so the aim was to generate viable homozygous mice to study the phenotypic, biochemical and molecular effects of the TDP-43 M323K mutation in the context of TDP-43 proteinopathies. These mice were generated in an F1 hybrid background (C57Bl/6J x DBA/2J) and characterised from a cognitive and motor point of view, and longitudinal biochemical and molecular analyses were performed at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of age. The results showed that the M323K mutation causes cognitive changes from the beginning and small motor changes from the end. These changes correlate with increased inflammation and astrogliosis in the brains of aged mice, as well as changes in neuromuscular junctions and upper and lower motor neurons, systemic overexpression of TDP-43 and cytoplasmic mislocalisation of the protein. These biochemical and molecular changes were associated with cognitive, motor and metabolic phenotypes and provide a model to study features associated with the spectrum of TDP-43 proteinopathies such as ALS and DFT...
TDP-43 proteinopathies, which include diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (DFT), are characterised by the pathological accumulation of TDP-43 protein in the brain and spinal cord. Mutations in the TARDBP gene, which encodes this protein, have been implicated in the development of these neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we used a mouse model with a point mutation in the Tardbp gene that expresses the TDP-43 M323K mutation at physiological levels, resulting in late-onset mild motor neuron degeneration. Mice homozygous for this mutation are lethal at birth, so the aim was to generate viable homozygous mice to study the phenotypic, biochemical and molecular effects of the TDP-43 M323K mutation in the context of TDP-43 proteinopathies. These mice were generated in an F1 hybrid background (C57Bl/6J x DBA/2J) and characterised from a cognitive and motor point of view, and longitudinal biochemical and molecular analyses were performed at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of age. The results showed that the M323K mutation causes cognitive changes from the beginning and small motor changes from the end. These changes correlate with increased inflammation and astrogliosis in the brains of aged mice, as well as changes in neuromuscular junctions and upper and lower motor neurons, systemic overexpression of TDP-43 and cytoplasmic mislocalisation of the protein. These biochemical and molecular changes were associated with cognitive, motor and metabolic phenotypes and provide a model to study features associated with the spectrum of TDP-43 proteinopathies such as ALS and DFT...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, leída el 04-07-2025













