Rusia y el espacio euroásiatico: su influencia en Asia Central
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2017
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Universidad Complutense: Unidad de Investigación sobre Seguridad y Cooperación Internacional (UNISCI)
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El presente artículo hace un recorrido de las relaciones de Rusia con los países de Asia Central a lo largo de las últimas décadas. Conformada por las Repúblicas de Kazajistán, Uzbekistán, Turkmenistán, Kirguistán y Tayikistán, es considerada por la Rusia de Putin como su patio trasero, mientras Estados Unidos, al menos hasta la llegada del Presidnete Trump, la ve como una necesaria cabeza de puente en su decidida política de estabilización de Afganistán a través de la denominada Northern Distribution Network (NDN), ruta de tránsito en la zona. Los intereses geoestratégicos del líder ruso se encuentran ligados al pasado histórico de la ex-URSS. Con sus propuestas para integrar e institucionalizar el espacio euroasiático y su deseo de permanecer como un actor clave en la toma de decisiones vinculadas a los recursos energéticos, comparte con países clave como China -que pugna por una mayor influencia en la zona-, la India o Irán, intereses territoriales, económicos y de seguridad, asociados estos últimos a la fuerte presencia de elementos del extremismo islámico.
This article reviews the relations between Russia and Central Asian countries in the past decades. This area, made up by the Republics of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, has been considered by Putin's Russia as its backyard, while the US, at least until the arrival of Trump, sees it as a necessary bridgehead in its determined policy of stabilization of Afghanistan through the so-called Northern Distribution Network (NDN), today the main transit route for the allied military forces in the area. The geostrategic interests of the Russian leader are linked to the historical past of the former USSR. With its proposals for the integration and institutionalization of the Eurasian space and its desire to remain as a key player in the decision-making process, linked to energy resources, Russia shares with other key countries in the area, such as China - which is struggling for greater influence in the area - India or Iran, territorial, economic and security interests, maintaining a complex balance blurred by the strong presence of Islamic extremism’s elements.
This article reviews the relations between Russia and Central Asian countries in the past decades. This area, made up by the Republics of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, has been considered by Putin's Russia as its backyard, while the US, at least until the arrival of Trump, sees it as a necessary bridgehead in its determined policy of stabilization of Afghanistan through the so-called Northern Distribution Network (NDN), today the main transit route for the allied military forces in the area. The geostrategic interests of the Russian leader are linked to the historical past of the former USSR. With its proposals for the integration and institutionalization of the Eurasian space and its desire to remain as a key player in the decision-making process, linked to energy resources, Russia shares with other key countries in the area, such as China - which is struggling for greater influence in the area - India or Iran, territorial, economic and security interests, maintaining a complex balance blurred by the strong presence of Islamic extremism’s elements.