Ética, anarquismo y sexualidad en Amparo Poch y Gascón

Abstract

Amparo Poch fue médica, educadora y activista social de orientación anarquista. Vivió durante las décadas centrales del siglo XX en España y desempeñó una actividad importante durante la II República, la Guerra Civil y el consiguiente exilio de miles de españoles. Estudiar su vida y su obra resulta de gran interés para comprender las importantes transformaciones sociales e intelectuales que afectaron a un período histórico de máxima conflictividad y grandes cambios en las ideas y las formas de vida. Y analizar su pensamiento permite comprender los antecedentes de ideas y actitudes actuales en temas relativos a la sexualidad. Su persona, sus ideas y sus aportaciones, fueron silenciadas desde el final de la guerra civil española. En 2002 Antonina Rodrigo publicó su biografía y una importante recopilación de sus escritos. Esta biografía es muy apreciable, pero faltaba completar los textos de Amparo, y profundizar en algunos aspectos de su pensamiento. En especial, en temas relacionados con la sexualidad, sus condicionamientos, sus ideales y sus consecuencias individuales y sociales...

Amparo Poch was a physician, a teacher and a social activist of anarchist orientation. She lived during the middle decades of the XX century in Spain and she played an important role during the Spanish Second Republic, the subsequent Civil War and the resulting exile of thousands spaniards. Studying her life and her work is of great interest in order to understand the important social and intellectual transformations that affected a period of Spain’s history characterized by conflict and large changes in ideology and life style. At the 21 same time, analyze her way of thinking allows a better understanding of the precursors of current ideas and actual attitudes concerning sexuality. Her life, ideas and contributions were silenced since the end of the Spanish Civil War. In 2002 Antonina Rodrigo published her biography and a major compilation of her writings. Important as Rodrigo’s work is, it lacked some relevant texts of Amparo, as well as further exploration in aspects related with sexuality, her environment and her convictions. The general objective of this thesis consists in studying the ethic aspects related with sexuality, which appear in her publications, her work, her public activity and her own biography. The specific targets are: a) to describe and analyze the actions undertaken by Amparo Poch to improving the sexual health of women; b) describe and analyze the rest of her work as generalist physician, which focused in medical care for women and children, field physician and outreach (of medical knowledge) activist; c) describe and analyze her public activity as counselor of Federica Montseny, a major figure which served as ministry, and was a notorious writer, publish speaker, founder of the magazine Free Women and a leading member of the activist group of the same name; d) Catalogue her writings and use them as a tool to analyze her thoughts and e) Catalogue her writings and use them as a tool to analyze her thoughts and e) Analyze her biography trying to explain it using the ethic values that she herself defended, with an emphasis in her essential coherence...