La acción pública frente al empleo de las personas con enfermedad mental grave: El mapa de la rehabilitación laboral en España. ¿Es posible la construcción de un único modelo?
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2018
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Centro Interdisciplinar de Ciências Sociais, pólo da Universidade de Évora
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La Administración pública tiene un importante papel que cumplir frente a las desigualdades sociales. Más allá del estudio y diagnóstico de los problemas sociales, de la planificación de acciones y la posterior implementación de programas en favor de las personas en riesgo de exclusión social, así como de la evaluación y seguimiento de los mismos, se encuentra la identificación de modelos que demuestren unos ciertos factores de éxito en su implementación y desarrollo. Este artículo, hace un recorrido por las 17 Comunidades Autónomas de España (comparando el modelo de rehabilitación laboral de la Comunidad de Madrid con los recursos ofrecidos por las otras 16 CC.AA), en la búsqueda de un modelo común para trabajar en favor del empleo en las personas con enfermedad mental grave. Dicho recorrido se basa en el análisis de una serie de ítems, tales
como: denominación del recurso, desarrollo histórico del mismo, equipo profesional, forma de acceso al recurso, tipología de servicios, características sociodemográficas de las personas atendidas, datos de inserción y existencia de itinerarios. Los resultados, ponen de manifiesto la gran distancia que separa a unas regiones de otras, en cuanto a presupuesto, metodología, coordinación institucional y colaboración público-privada, así como la existencia o no de redes de trabajo. Esa distancia entre los servicios que prestan las diferentes regiones a las personas con enfermedad mental grave, es producto de una ausencia de liderazgo y diálogo social que no favorecen la identificación de aquellos modelos de trabajo que han demostrado con resultados una mejora en la calidad de vida de este colectivo
The public administration has an important role to play in the face of social inequalities. Beyond the study and diagnosis of social problems, the planning of actions and the subsequent implementation of programs in favor of people at risk of social exclusion, as well as the evaluation and monitoring of them, is the identification of models that demonstrate certain success factors in its implementation and development. This article, makes a tour of the 17 Autonomous Communities of Spain (comparing the model of labor rehabilitation of the Community of Madrid with the resources offered by the other 16 Autonomous Communities), in the search for a common model to work in favor of employment in people with severe mental illness. This tour is based on the analysis of a series of items, such as: resource name, historical development, professional team, access to the resource, type of services, sociodemographic characteristics of the people served, insertion and existence data of itineraries. The results show the great distance that separates some regions from others, in terms of budget, methodology, institutional coordination and public-private collaboration, as well as the existence or not of work networks. This distance between the services provided by the different regions to people with severe mental illness is the result of an absence of leadership and social dialogue that does not favor the identification of those work models that have shown an improvement in the quality of life. of this collective.
The public administration has an important role to play in the face of social inequalities. Beyond the study and diagnosis of social problems, the planning of actions and the subsequent implementation of programs in favor of people at risk of social exclusion, as well as the evaluation and monitoring of them, is the identification of models that demonstrate certain success factors in its implementation and development. This article, makes a tour of the 17 Autonomous Communities of Spain (comparing the model of labor rehabilitation of the Community of Madrid with the resources offered by the other 16 Autonomous Communities), in the search for a common model to work in favor of employment in people with severe mental illness. This tour is based on the analysis of a series of items, such as: resource name, historical development, professional team, access to the resource, type of services, sociodemographic characteristics of the people served, insertion and existence data of itineraries. The results show the great distance that separates some regions from others, in terms of budget, methodology, institutional coordination and public-private collaboration, as well as the existence or not of work networks. This distance between the services provided by the different regions to people with severe mental illness is the result of an absence of leadership and social dialogue that does not favor the identification of those work models that have shown an improvement in the quality of life. of this collective.