Papel de la amidohidrolasa de ácidos grasos en el desarrollo de la glándula mamaria adulta y en cáncer de mama
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2023
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11/03/2022
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El cáncer de mama es el cáncer más frecuente en el mundo. Según el Observatorio Global de Cáncer de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, en 2020 se diagnosticaron más de 2.3 millones de nuevos casos, superando por primera vez al cáncer de pulmón en incidencia. Gracias al diagnóstico precoz y a la aparición de terapias dirigidas para los subtipos mayoritarios, el pronóstico de las pacientes con cáncer de mama en etapa temprana ha mejorado notablemente en los últimos años. Sin embargo, la existencia de subtipos tumorales con una biología más agresiva para las cuales no existe terapia dirigida o que presentan resistencia a las terapias convencionales supone un desafío clínico no resuelto. Por otro lado, la enfermedad metastásica afecta a un 30 % de las pacientes y, aunque es potencialmente tratable, a día de hoy se considera incurable. Todo esto hace necesaria la búsqueda de nuevas terapias, así como de nuevas herramientas de cribado que identifiquen a las pacientes con mayor probabilidad de sufrir una enfermedad más agresiva y permitan adaptar su manejo clínico. En este contexto, conocer los mecanismos moleculares que gobiernan el desarrollo de la glándula mamaria adulta y que se ven alterados durante la formación y progresión del cáncer de mama puede resultar de extrema utilidad para entender la biología que subyace a los fenotipos tumorales más agresivos y así poder desarrollar nuevas herramientas para su abordaje en la clínica...
Breast cancer is the most common cancer worldwide. According to the Global Cancer Observatory of the World Health Organization, more than 2.3 million new cases were diagnosed in 2020, surpassing lung cancer in incidence for the first time. Thanks to early diagnosis and the development of targeted therapies for the most prevalent subtypes, the prognosis of early-stage breast cancer patients has notably improved in recent years. However, the existence of tumor subtypes with a more aggressive biology for which there is no targeted therapy or that are resistant to conventional therapies represents an unresolved clinical challenge. On the other hand, metastatic disease affects 30 % of patients and, although potentially treatable, is currently considered incurable. All of this makes necessary to seek for new therapies, as well as new screening tools that identify patients with a greater probability of suffering a more aggressive form of the disease and help clinical decisions. In this context, knowing the molecular mechanisms that govern the development of the adult mammary gland and that are altered during the formation and progression of breast cancer can be extremely useful to understand the biology that underlies the most aggressive tumor phenotypes and thus, to be able to develop new tools for its clinical management...
Breast cancer is the most common cancer worldwide. According to the Global Cancer Observatory of the World Health Organization, more than 2.3 million new cases were diagnosed in 2020, surpassing lung cancer in incidence for the first time. Thanks to early diagnosis and the development of targeted therapies for the most prevalent subtypes, the prognosis of early-stage breast cancer patients has notably improved in recent years. However, the existence of tumor subtypes with a more aggressive biology for which there is no targeted therapy or that are resistant to conventional therapies represents an unresolved clinical challenge. On the other hand, metastatic disease affects 30 % of patients and, although potentially treatable, is currently considered incurable. All of this makes necessary to seek for new therapies, as well as new screening tools that identify patients with a greater probability of suffering a more aggressive form of the disease and help clinical decisions. In this context, knowing the molecular mechanisms that govern the development of the adult mammary gland and that are altered during the formation and progression of breast cancer can be extremely useful to understand the biology that underlies the most aggressive tumor phenotypes and thus, to be able to develop new tools for its clinical management...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, leída el 11-03-2022