Astaxanthin encapsulation in ethyl cellulose carriers by continuous supercritical emulsions extraction: A study on particle size, encapsulation efficiency, release profile and antioxidant activity

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dc.contributor.authorTirado, Diego
dc.contributor.authorPalazzo, Ida
dc.contributor.authorScognamiglio, Mariarosa
dc.contributor.authorCalvo Garrido, María Lourdes
dc.contributor.authorDella Porta, Giovanna
dc.contributor.authorReverchon, Ernesto
dc.date.accessioned2024-01-31T15:59:32Z
dc.date.available2024-01-31T15:59:32Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.description.abstractSupercritical emulsions extraction (SEE)technology was used to encapsulate astaxanthin (AXT)in ethyl cellulose (EC). The operating parameters were 8 MPa and 311 K with an L/G ratio of 0.1 (CO2 flow rate of 1.4 kg/h). Several emulsion formulations were tested, fixing the oil-water ratio at 20:80 (ethyl acetate/water)and varying EC concentration in the oily phase from 1.0–2.5% mass and the surfactant amount in the water phase from 0.1 to 0.6% mass. Both parameters influenced carriers morphology, size and distribution; a correlation between the EC amount in oily phase and its dynamic viscosity was proposed to explain the droplets/carriers size variation observed. Carriers aggregation was monitored at surfactant concentration higher than 0.3% mass. The best emulsion formulation was obtained using 1.0% mass of EC in the oily phase and 0.1% mass of surfactant in the water phase; in these conditions spherical nanocarriers with unwrinkled and smooth surface were obtained with a size of 242 nm and Poly Dispersity Index of 0.16. EC mass recovery was of 90%. Higher carrier mean size of 363 nm (Poly Disperity Index of 0.31)was measured when AXT was encapsulated in the same conditions, achieving an encapsulation efficiency of 84%. The carriers were loaded with 21 mg/g of AXT and showed an excellent antioxidant capacity, measured as Trolox equivalent (Trolox equivalent per kg of pure AXT), and equivalent to 3900 M Trolox. In vitro release profiles obtained in a simulated intestinal fluid (SIF)at pH 7.2 and 310 K, showed a release of 70% of the total encapsulated AXT after 10 h.
dc.description.departmentDepto. de Ingeniería Química y de Materiales
dc.description.facultyFac. de Ciencias Químicas
dc.description.refereedTRUE
dc.description.sponsorshipDepartment of Bolivar (Colombia)
dc.description.sponsorshipEuropean Commission
dc.description.statuspub
dc.identifier.citationTirado, Diego F., et al. «Astaxanthin Encapsulation in Ethyl Cellulose Carriers by Continuous Supercritical Emulsions Extraction: A Study on Particle Size, Encapsulation Efficiency, Release Profile and Antioxidant Activity». The Journal of Supercritical Fluids, vol. 150, agosto de 2019, pp. 128-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2019.04.017.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.supflu.2019.04.017
dc.identifier.issn0896-8446
dc.identifier.officialurlhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2019.04.017
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/97311
dc.journal.titleJournal of Supercritical Fluids
dc.language.isoeng
dc.page.final136
dc.page.initial128
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.rights.accessRightsrestricted access
dc.subject.cdu66
dc.subject.ucmCiencias
dc.subject.unesco3303 Ingeniería y Tecnología Químicas
dc.titleAstaxanthin encapsulation in ethyl cellulose carriers by continuous supercritical emulsions extraction: A study on particle size, encapsulation efficiency, release profile and antioxidant activity
dc.typejournal article
dc.type.hasVersionVoR
dc.volume.number150
dspace.entity.typePublication
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationf2587cb3-725d-4333-90ba-d4aac12ec04c
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryf2587cb3-725d-4333-90ba-d4aac12ec04c
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