Las fronteras de la libertad de expresión y de prensa en México con los gobiernos de la alternancia
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2024
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19/04/2023
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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El problema que aborda esta tesis son las fronteras en México, institucionales y de facto, para la libertad de expresión y prensa. Los riesgos de su ejercicio son graves vulnerabilidades para consolidar la democracia. El objetivo es determinar porqué y de qué forma se limitan estos derechos en una democracia que, en poco tiempo, transita de un régimen autoritario a otro plural y competido, y después se embarca en un hiper-presidencialismo de corte populista nacionalista, con la perspectiva de la vuelta de un nuevo partido hegemónico. Para responder es preciso mirar los contornos de la relación entre el poder político y los medios con el foco en las transiciones en el sistema político. Es necesario ver su rol en antiguo régimen, con los gobiernos democráticos (2000-2018), y después en la confrontación con un nuevo discurso de ruptura con el consenso del sistema de partidos y sus reformas modernizadoras neoliberales. Sin olvidar la presencia amenazante y perturbadora, dentro del sistema, del crimen organizado...
The problem that this thesis deals with is that of the institutional and de- facto limits in Mexico, to freedom of expression and the press. The risks of involved in exercising this freedom represent a serious challenge to the consolidation of democracy. The goal of the research was to determine the causes and way these rights are limited, in a democracy that in a short time, has moved from an authoritarian regime to a plural and competitive one, later embarking on a populist-nationalist hyper-presidentialism, which reopens the prospect of a return to a new hegemonic party. For this, it was necessary to understand the relationship between political power and the media, with a focus on the transitions in the political system and the role of the press under the previous regime and in the alternating governments of PAN and PRI in the 2000-2018 period; as well a new confrontational relationship with the government, a message of rupture with the neoliberal reforms and the collapse of the party system consensus; and, the always present threat of violence and organized crime that permeates the system...
The problem that this thesis deals with is that of the institutional and de- facto limits in Mexico, to freedom of expression and the press. The risks of involved in exercising this freedom represent a serious challenge to the consolidation of democracy. The goal of the research was to determine the causes and way these rights are limited, in a democracy that in a short time, has moved from an authoritarian regime to a plural and competitive one, later embarking on a populist-nationalist hyper-presidentialism, which reopens the prospect of a return to a new hegemonic party. For this, it was necessary to understand the relationship between political power and the media, with a focus on the transitions in the political system and the role of the press under the previous regime and in the alternating governments of PAN and PRI in the 2000-2018 period; as well a new confrontational relationship with the government, a message of rupture with the neoliberal reforms and the collapse of the party system consensus; and, the always present threat of violence and organized crime that permeates the system...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología, leída el 19-04-2023