Flexibilidad atencional y factores motivacionales de auto-regulación : estudio de dinámicas de resiliencia al estrés y factores de protección contra la depresión y la ansiedad
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2024
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06/11/2023
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La atención es conceptualizada como uno de los procesos cognitivos de mayor importancia a la hora de comprender el funcionamiento emocional en respuesta al estrés. La atención selectiva no sólo sirve como filtro de la información del entorno, sino que permite seleccionar aquella información relevante e ignorar la irrelevante. Por lo tanto, el entorno y la motivación tienen un rol indispensable para poder comprender cómo funciona la atención, realzando así el componente dinámico de la atención, frente a una conceptualización estable que ha sido imperante durante las últimas décadas. Esto plantea la posibilidad de que estos procesos motivacionales y contextuales modulen la atención hacia el cumplimiento de metas específicas. De hecho, desde esta Tesis se hipotetiza que la atención puede ser modulada por la activación predominante de distintos sistemas motivacionales de auto-regulación centrados en la búsqueda de resultados positivos y/o en la evitación de resultados negativos, modificando así los patrones atencionales dependiendo de metas específicas. Por lo tanto, todos estos procesos cumplirían roles específicos dentro de la regulación del estrés, dando lugar a que influencien el funcionamiento emocional de las personas. Además, el operativizar este proceso cognitivo de atención desde una perspectiva dinámica (e.g., flexibilidad atencional) implica que ésta puede entrenarse con el fin de generar beneficios en el funcionamiento psicológico...
Attention is conceptualized as one of the most important cognitive processes when it comes to understanding emotional functioning in the face of stress. Selective attention does not only serve as a filter of environmental information, but it also allows selecting relevant information and ignoring irrelevant information. Therefore, the environment and motivation play an essential role to understand how selective attention works, highlighting a dynamic component of attention as a function of contextual and motivational features, in contrast to the stable conceptualization that has prevailed in recent decades. This raises the possibility that these motivational and contextual processes modulated attention towards the fulfillment of specific goals. Based on this proposal, in this Thesis it was studied whether attention can be modulated by the predominant activation of different motivational self-focuses focused on the search for positive results and/or on the avoidance of negative results, thus modifying attentional patterns depending of specifically active goals. These flexible attention processes would have a role in the regulation of stress, giving rise to the fact that they influence individuals' emotional functioning. Furthermore, operatizing this cognitive process of selective attention from a dynamic perspective (e.g., attentional flexibility) implies that it can be trained in order to generate benefits in psychological functioning...
Attention is conceptualized as one of the most important cognitive processes when it comes to understanding emotional functioning in the face of stress. Selective attention does not only serve as a filter of environmental information, but it also allows selecting relevant information and ignoring irrelevant information. Therefore, the environment and motivation play an essential role to understand how selective attention works, highlighting a dynamic component of attention as a function of contextual and motivational features, in contrast to the stable conceptualization that has prevailed in recent decades. This raises the possibility that these motivational and contextual processes modulated attention towards the fulfillment of specific goals. Based on this proposal, in this Thesis it was studied whether attention can be modulated by the predominant activation of different motivational self-focuses focused on the search for positive results and/or on the avoidance of negative results, thus modifying attentional patterns depending of specifically active goals. These flexible attention processes would have a role in the regulation of stress, giving rise to the fact that they influence individuals' emotional functioning. Furthermore, operatizing this cognitive process of selective attention from a dynamic perspective (e.g., attentional flexibility) implies that it can be trained in order to generate benefits in psychological functioning...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Psicología, leída el 06-11-2023







