Impacto del seguimiento al alta de Enfermería en Atención Primaria sobre los reingresos hospitalarios tempranos. Estudio observacional longitudinal
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Publication date
2025
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Publisher
Elsevier
Citation
Sánchez-Ruano R, López-Paterna P, García-Hernández CA, Rodríguez-Barrientos R, Herrero-Sanchox E, Pascual-García M, et al. Impact of primary care nursing discharge follow-up on early hospital readmissions. Observational longitudinal study. Atencion Primaria. 2025;57(2).
Abstract
Objetivo
Determinar la proporción de personas en las que se realiza el seguimiento al alta estando indicado.
Diseño Estudio observacional longitudinal retrospectivo, con enfoque analítico.
Población
Personas dadas de alta en el Hospital Universitario de la Princesa de cualquier edad y sexo, con cualquier motivo de ingreso y con indicación de seguimiento al alta en Atención Primaria (AP). Se excluyeron los usuarios que no tenían Código de Identificación Personal Autonómico (CIPA) asignado. Muestra aleatoria (n = 289).
Mediciones principales
Realización del seguimiento al alta y reingresos (< 30 días). Se incluyeron variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y relacionadas con el seguimiento al alta recogidas de las Historias clínicas electrónicas de AP y Hospitalaria. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de las características sociodemográficas y clínicas de la población de estudio y para analizar la asociación entre el seguimiento al alta y los reingresos se realizó un modelo de regresión logística.
Resultados
Edad de 72,4 años (rango intercuartílico [RIQ] 60-87). El 55,2% de la población fueron mujeres. Se realizó seguimiento en un 61,2% de las personas que tenían indicación. Según el modelo de regresión logística realizado entre el reingreso temprano y el seguimiento al alta, ajustado por el resto de los factores, el grupo con seguimiento al alta tenía un 66% menos de posibilidades de reingreso hospitalario (Odds Ratio [OR] 0,34, intervalo de confianza [IC] 95% [0,18-0,67]).
Conclusiones
Los datos sugieren que el seguimiento al alta de Enfermería realizado en AP reduce el riesgo de reingresos tempranos.
Aim To determine the proportion of people who undergo discharge follow-up when indicated. Design Retrospective longitudinal observational study, with an analytical approach. Population persons discharged from the Hospital Universitario de la Princesa of any age and sex, with any reason for admission and with an indication for discharge follow-up in Primary Care. Users who did not have an assigned Autonomous Personal Identification Code (CIPA) were excluded. Random sample (n = 289). Variables Discharge follow-up and readmissions (<30 days). Sociodemographic, clinical and discharge follow-up variables were included from the electronic medical records of Primary and Hospital Care. A descriptive analysis of the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the study population was conducted. To analyze the association between discharge follow-up and readmissions, a logistic regression model was used. Results Age 72.4 years (RIQ 60-87). 55.2% of the population were women. Follow-up was conducted in 61.2% of those indicated. According to the logistic regression model performed between early readmission and discharge follow-up, adjusted for all other factors, the group with discharge follow-up had a 66% lower likelihood of hospital readmission (OR 0.34, 95% CI (0.18-0.67)). Conclusions These findings suggest that nursing discharge follow-up conducted in primary care reduces the risk of early readmission.
Aim To determine the proportion of people who undergo discharge follow-up when indicated. Design Retrospective longitudinal observational study, with an analytical approach. Population persons discharged from the Hospital Universitario de la Princesa of any age and sex, with any reason for admission and with an indication for discharge follow-up in Primary Care. Users who did not have an assigned Autonomous Personal Identification Code (CIPA) were excluded. Random sample (n = 289). Variables Discharge follow-up and readmissions (<30 days). Sociodemographic, clinical and discharge follow-up variables were included from the electronic medical records of Primary and Hospital Care. A descriptive analysis of the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the study population was conducted. To analyze the association between discharge follow-up and readmissions, a logistic regression model was used. Results Age 72.4 years (RIQ 60-87). 55.2% of the population were women. Follow-up was conducted in 61.2% of those indicated. According to the logistic regression model performed between early readmission and discharge follow-up, adjusted for all other factors, the group with discharge follow-up had a 66% lower likelihood of hospital readmission (OR 0.34, 95% CI (0.18-0.67)). Conclusions These findings suggest that nursing discharge follow-up conducted in primary care reduces the risk of early readmission.










