Transmisión vertical y enfermedad de Chagas en edad pediátrica en la Comunidad de Madrid
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2024
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14/07/2023
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La enfermedad de Chagas (tripanosomiasis americana), producida por el protozoo Trypanosoma cruzi, es endémica en 21 países de Latinoamérica y emergente en España y otros países europeos, debido a los movimientos migratorios que se han producido en las últimas décadas. Su principal vía de transmisión, mayoritaria en áreas endémicas, es vectorial (a través de un insecto de la familia de los triatominos); pero existe también la posibilidad de transmisión vertical, de la madre al hijo durante la gestación, siendo la vía principal en nuestro medio. Existen una serie de características de esta enfermedad que condicionan su manejo: cursa habitualmente de manera asintomática (especialmente en estadíos precoces), se puede transmitir durante la gestación y el tratamiento es más eficaz a menor edad o si se realiza en la fase aguda de la misma. Se recomienda por tanto realizar cribado selectivo a embarazadas, ya que el diagnóstico y tratamiento precoz de los recién nacidos o niños infectados es prioritario...
Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma Cruzi, is endemic in 21 Latin American countries and an emergent disease in Europe, due to migratory movements in recent decades.Vectorial transmission is the main route in endemic areas (trough an insect from the triatomine family). However, vertical transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi from mother to child during pregnancy is the main transmission route in our environment.A series of characteristics of this disease condition its management. The disease is usually asymptomatic (specially in early stages), being the treatment more effective when given at younger ages or during the early stages of infection. Therefore, selective screening of pregnant women is recommended, since this is the main route of transmission in non endemic countries as Spain. Early diagnosis and treatment of infected newborns and children should be a priority...
Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma Cruzi, is endemic in 21 Latin American countries and an emergent disease in Europe, due to migratory movements in recent decades.Vectorial transmission is the main route in endemic areas (trough an insect from the triatomine family). However, vertical transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi from mother to child during pregnancy is the main transmission route in our environment.A series of characteristics of this disease condition its management. The disease is usually asymptomatic (specially in early stages), being the treatment more effective when given at younger ages or during the early stages of infection. Therefore, selective screening of pregnant women is recommended, since this is the main route of transmission in non endemic countries as Spain. Early diagnosis and treatment of infected newborns and children should be a priority...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, leída el 14-07-2023