Desarrollo de formulaciones mucoadhesivas vaginales para la liberación modificada de aciclovir
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2023
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11/11/2022
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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El herpes genital es una de las infecciones de transmisión sexual más comunes del mundo con más de 500 millones de personas infectadas, comprometiendo especialmente a las mujeres debido a la susceptibilidad fisiológica que presentan ante el virus, lo que produce que la transmisión sexual del virus sea más fácil de hombres a mujeres que viceversa. Esta infección es considerada un problema de salud pública, puesto que aumenta la susceptibilidad a la adquisición de otros virus como el VIH. De hecho, el riesgo de contraer el VIH casi se triplica cuando existe herpes genital y se quintuplica cuando la infección es adquirida recientemente. Por lo tanto, esta infección adquiere gran relevancia a la hora de su manejo, puesto que no existe un tratamiento farmacológico definitivo que permita resolver esta infección. El aciclovir es el fármaco antiviral de primera elección para el tratamiento de infecciones producidas por el virus del herpes simple, el cual actúa inhibiendo la síntesis celular de ADN viral, reduciendo la formación de nuevas partículas virales infecciosas. Este fármaco por vía oral suele presentar inconvenientes que dificultan su absorción y por ende su biodisponibilidad, siendo necesario el uso de dosis más altas que implican toxicidad y reacciones adversas. Por lo cual, su aplicación a través de otras vías de administración, que conlleva en muchos casos variar las formas farmacéuticas, surgen como una medida para tratar y prevenir el herpes genital...
Genital herpes is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections in the world with more than 500 million people infected, especially involving women due to their physiological susceptibility to the virus, which makes sexual transmission of the virus easier from men to women than vice versa. This infection is considered a public health problem since it increases susceptibility to the acquisition of other viruses such as HIV. In fact, the risk of contracting HIV almost triples when genital herpes is present and quintuples when the infection is newly acquired. Therefore, this infection takes on great relevance when it comes to its management, since there is no definitive pharmacological treatment to resolve this infection. Acyclovir is the antiviral drug of first choice for the treatment of infections caused by the herpes simplex virus, which acts by inhibiting the cellular synthesis of viral DNA, reducing the formation of new infectious viral particles. This drug is usually administered orally, but its absorption and therefore its bioavailability is difficult, requiring the use of higher doses that imply toxicity and adverse reactions. Therefore, its application through other routes of administration, which in many cases involves varying the pharmaceutical forms, emerges as a measure to treat and prevent genital herpes...
Genital herpes is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections in the world with more than 500 million people infected, especially involving women due to their physiological susceptibility to the virus, which makes sexual transmission of the virus easier from men to women than vice versa. This infection is considered a public health problem since it increases susceptibility to the acquisition of other viruses such as HIV. In fact, the risk of contracting HIV almost triples when genital herpes is present and quintuples when the infection is newly acquired. Therefore, this infection takes on great relevance when it comes to its management, since there is no definitive pharmacological treatment to resolve this infection. Acyclovir is the antiviral drug of first choice for the treatment of infections caused by the herpes simplex virus, which acts by inhibiting the cellular synthesis of viral DNA, reducing the formation of new infectious viral particles. This drug is usually administered orally, but its absorption and therefore its bioavailability is difficult, requiring the use of higher doses that imply toxicity and adverse reactions. Therefore, its application through other routes of administration, which in many cases involves varying the pharmaceutical forms, emerges as a measure to treat and prevent genital herpes...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Farmacia, leída el 11-11-2022