Análisis funcional y proteómico plaquetario y caracterización molecular megacariocítica en pacientes con trombocitemia esencial
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2025
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16/06/2025
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La trombocitemia esencial (TE) es un tipo de neoplasia mieloproliferativa cromosoma filadelfia negativa caracterizada por presentar una hiperplasia megacariocítica en la médula ósea y un elevado número de plaquetas en la circulación sanguínea. Esto eleva el riesgo de trombosis y/o hemorragias en los pacientes que la padecen. El objetivo principal de los tratamientos utilizados para tratar esta enfermedad se basa en la prevención de estas complicaciones trombóticas, siendo los más frecuentes la administración de antiagregantes ocitorreductores. Se sabe que esta enfermedad puede ser causada por diferentes mutaciones somáticas mutuamente excluyentes (JAK2 V617F, MPL W515K/L, CALR-T1, CALR-T2 yTN). Todas ellas convergen en una activación constitutiva en la vía JAK/STAT, sin embargo,el conocimiento sobre los mecanismos intrínsecos en cada una de ellas en cuanto a la funcionalidad plaquetaria y la diferenciación megacariocítica aún se desconocen.En la presente tesis doctoral se plantean dos objetivos fundamentales: En primer lugar, indagaren la biología y funcionalidad plaquetaria de estos pacientes realizando un estudioinmunofenotipico y funcional comparativo entre los distintos genotipos y/o tratamientos mediante citometría de flujo y analizando el proteoma plaquetario a nivel basal de estos pacientes. En segundo lugar, determinar las diferencias en el mecanismo molecular ytranscriptómico de megacariocitos de pacientes con trombocitemia esencial con diferentes mutaciones causantes de TE...
Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a type of Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by megakaryocytic hyperplasia in the bone marrow and a high number of platelets in the bloodstream. This increases the risk of thrombosis and/orbleeding in patients who suffer from it. The main objective of the treatments used to treat this disease is based on the prevention of these thrombotic complications, the most frequent beingthe administration of antiplatelet agents or cytoreductants. It is known that this disease can be caused by different mutually exclusive somatic mutations (JAK2 V617F, MPL W515K/L,CALR-T1, CALR-T2 and TN). All of them converge in a constitutive activation in the JAK/STAT pathway, however, knowledge about the intrinsic mechanisms in each of them interms of platelet functionality and megakaryocytic differentiation is still unknown.In this doctoral thesis, two main objectives are proposed: First, to investigate the platelet biology and functionality of these patients by carrying out a comparative immunophenotypic and functional study between the different genotypes and/or treatments by flow cytometry andanalyzing the platelet proteome at baseline level of these patients. Second, to determine the differences in the molecular and transcriptomic mechanism of megakaryocytes of patients withessential thrombocythemia with different ET-causing mutations...
Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a type of Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by megakaryocytic hyperplasia in the bone marrow and a high number of platelets in the bloodstream. This increases the risk of thrombosis and/orbleeding in patients who suffer from it. The main objective of the treatments used to treat this disease is based on the prevention of these thrombotic complications, the most frequent beingthe administration of antiplatelet agents or cytoreductants. It is known that this disease can be caused by different mutually exclusive somatic mutations (JAK2 V617F, MPL W515K/L,CALR-T1, CALR-T2 and TN). All of them converge in a constitutive activation in the JAK/STAT pathway, however, knowledge about the intrinsic mechanisms in each of them interms of platelet functionality and megakaryocytic differentiation is still unknown.In this doctoral thesis, two main objectives are proposed: First, to investigate the platelet biology and functionality of these patients by carrying out a comparative immunophenotypic and functional study between the different genotypes and/or treatments by flow cytometry andanalyzing the platelet proteome at baseline level of these patients. Second, to determine the differences in the molecular and transcriptomic mechanism of megakaryocytes of patients withessential thrombocythemia with different ET-causing mutations...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, leída el 16-06-2025







