La formación del bloque de poder económico en España: consejeros, capital y estado en el Ibex 35 (1991-2013)
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2017
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06/05/2016
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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En esta investigación se analizan los vínculos entre empresas del índice bursátil Ibex35 y el Estado y su evolución en el tiempo. El enfoque teórico utilizado permite interpretar estos vínculos como parte de una estrategia política y corporativa, y de unidad conflictiva de un bloque de poder económico integrado por fracciones dominantes de la clase capitalista. Se analizan los datos de capital y de miembros del consejo de administración, así como los puestos que estos han ocupado en la administración del Estado, de las 35 empresas del Ibex35 en 1991, 2000, 2010 y 2013. Para ello se utiliza la metodología de Análisis de Redes Sociales, priorizando el análisis de comunidades o grupos cohesionados. Como resultado, se observa una paulatina pérdida de capacidad articuladora de los círculos políticos, de proyectos de hegemonía que unifiquen distintas fracciones, así como una incapacidad de cohesionar el conjunto del bloque. En contraposición, el capital, y en concreto, el capital internacional, se consolida como elemento de unión del bloque. La investigación concluye señalando cómo las fracciones dominantes del bloque de poder económico han perdido su unidad política, y en consecuencia, cómo este hecho puede indicar su desconexión con un proyecto nacional e intereses más allá de su propia clase, centrándose en su reproducción material. En este sentido, la posición subordinada de los círculos políticos, así como la primacía del poder burocrático del Estado frente al político o ejecutivo dentro del Ibex35, han sido fundamentales para la transformación del bloque y actual hegemonía de la fracción de capital financiero internacional.
The aim of this research is to understand the meaning of personal links between companies in stock-exchange Index Ibex35 and the State and its evolution over time. The theoretical approach enables us to analyse these links as part of a corporate and policy strategy, and a matter of unit of the conflicting economic power block composed of the dominant fractions of the capitalist class. The research data is composed of Capital data, data of members of the board of directors and its different positions in the state administration for the 25 enterprises listed on the Ibex35 in the periods 1991, 2000, 2010 and 2013. For the analysis of social relations, it’s been used Social Network Analysis methodology, prioritizing the analysis of cohesive communities or groups. This research finds a gradual loss of capacity of political circles to articulate hegemony projects that unify different factions, as well as an inability to unite the entire bloc. In contrast, capital, and in particular, international capital is consolidated as a connecting element of the bloc. It concludes that there is a trend whereby the dominant fractions of national economic blocs have lost their political unity, and consequently the lack of national project interests, moving towards their own class interests and material reproduction. In this sense, the subordinate position of political circles, as well as the primacy of bureaucratic power of the State against political or executive within the Ibex35, has been instrumental in the transformation of the block and the current hegemony of international finance capital fraction...
The aim of this research is to understand the meaning of personal links between companies in stock-exchange Index Ibex35 and the State and its evolution over time. The theoretical approach enables us to analyse these links as part of a corporate and policy strategy, and a matter of unit of the conflicting economic power block composed of the dominant fractions of the capitalist class. The research data is composed of Capital data, data of members of the board of directors and its different positions in the state administration for the 25 enterprises listed on the Ibex35 in the periods 1991, 2000, 2010 and 2013. For the analysis of social relations, it’s been used Social Network Analysis methodology, prioritizing the analysis of cohesive communities or groups. This research finds a gradual loss of capacity of political circles to articulate hegemony projects that unify different factions, as well as an inability to unite the entire bloc. In contrast, capital, and in particular, international capital is consolidated as a connecting element of the bloc. It concludes that there is a trend whereby the dominant fractions of national economic blocs have lost their political unity, and consequently the lack of national project interests, moving towards their own class interests and material reproduction. In this sense, the subordinate position of political circles, as well as the primacy of bureaucratic power of the State against political or executive within the Ibex35, has been instrumental in the transformation of the block and the current hegemony of international finance capital fraction...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología, Departamento de Sociología IV (Métodos de la Investigación y Teoría de la Comunicación), leída el 06-05-2016