Emprendimiento estudiantil tradicional, social y sostenible en el contexto universitario: una revisión sistemática
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2025
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Ediciones Complutense
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Hernández Muñoz V. ., Monzón Campos J. L. . y Torres Ortega J. . (2025). Emprendimiento estudiantil tradicional, social y sostenible en el contexto universitario - una revisión sistemática. REVESCO. Revista de Estudios Cooperativos, 151, e104784. https://doi.org/10.5209/reve.104784
Abstract
El artículo presenta una revisión sistemática de la literatura sobre el emprendimiento tradicional, social y sostenible en contextos universitarios, aplicando el protocolo PRISMA para analizar un total de 7.184 artículos publicados hasta el año 2024. El objetivo central es mapear el estado actual del conocimiento, identificar las estructuras temáticas predominantes, analizar las tendencias evolutivas y detectar vacíos conceptuales en este campo de estudio. Los hallazgos revelan un crecimiento sostenido de la producción científica desde 2010, con un auge significativo entre 2020 y 2024, periodo que concentra el 49 % del total de publicaciones. Se consolidan tres grandes clústeres temáticos: la “intención emprendedora”, como eje articulador del campo, estrechamente vinculado a la Teoría del Comportamiento Planificado (TPB) y validado mediante técnicas estadísticas como SEM/PLS-SEM; la “educación emprendedora”, como tema básico que conecta teoría y práctica educativa, incluyendo currículos, metodologías innovadoras y competencias emprendedoras; y las “actividades emprendedoras”, como tema de nicho orientado a la transferencia tecnológica, desarrollo económico y formación de ecosistemas emprendedores. Además, emergen nuevas líneas centradas en el rol activo de las universidades en la promoción de emprendimientos sociales y sostenibles, especialmente en escenarios postpandemia. La evolución temática muestra un desplazamiento desde perspectivas macroeconómicas hacia enfoques centrados en el individuo, con una transición conceptual de capital humano a capital social. Como conclusiones, el estudio constata una madurez estructural del campo, donde la intención emprendedora se posiciona como constructo dominante, mientras que la componente social y de sostenibilidad comienza a integrarse progresivamente, aunque aún con menor centralidad. Las universidades destacan como agentes estratégicos para incubar emprendimientos con valor económico, social y ambiental. Este trabajo contribuye a ofrecer una visión panorámica del campo, e identifica oportunidades futuras para explorar enfoques pedagógicos emergentes, sinergias con políticas públicas y métricas de impacto institucional en el fomento del emprendimiento social y sostenible.
Abstract This article presents a systematic review of the literature on traditional, social, and sustainable entrepreneurship in university contexts, applying the PRISMA protocol to analyze a total of 7,184 articles published until 2024. The central objective is tomap the current state of knowledge, identify predominant thematic structures, analyze evolving trends, and detect conceptual gaps in this field of study. The findings reveal sustained growth in scientific production since 2010, with a significant boom between 2020 and 2024, a period that accounts for 49% of all publications. Three major thematic clusters are consolidated: "entrepreneurial intention," as the articulating axis of the field, closely linked to the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)and validated using statistical techniques such as SEM/PLS-SEM; "entrepreneurial education," as a basic theme connecting educational theory and practice, including curricula, innovative methodologies, and entrepreneurial competencies; and "entrepreneurialactivities" as a niche topic focused on technology transfer, economic development, and the formation of entrepreneurial ecosystems. Furthermore, new lines of research are emerging that focus on the active role of universities in promoting social and sustainable entrepreneurship, especially in postpandemic scenarios. The thematic evolution shows a shift from macroeconomic perspectives toward individual-centered approaches, with a conceptual transition from human capital to social capital. In conclusion, thestudy confirms a structural maturity of the field, where entrepreneurial intention is positioned as the dominant construct, while the social and sustainability components are beginning to be progressively integrated, although still with less centrality. Universities stand out as strategic agentsfor incubating ventures with economic, social, and environmental value. This work contributes to offering a panoramic view of the field and identifies future opportunities to explore emerging pedagogical approaches, synergies with public policies, and institutional impact metrics in the promotion of social and sustainable entrepreneurship
Abstract This article presents a systematic review of the literature on traditional, social, and sustainable entrepreneurship in university contexts, applying the PRISMA protocol to analyze a total of 7,184 articles published until 2024. The central objective is tomap the current state of knowledge, identify predominant thematic structures, analyze evolving trends, and detect conceptual gaps in this field of study. The findings reveal sustained growth in scientific production since 2010, with a significant boom between 2020 and 2024, a period that accounts for 49% of all publications. Three major thematic clusters are consolidated: "entrepreneurial intention," as the articulating axis of the field, closely linked to the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)and validated using statistical techniques such as SEM/PLS-SEM; "entrepreneurial education," as a basic theme connecting educational theory and practice, including curricula, innovative methodologies, and entrepreneurial competencies; and "entrepreneurialactivities" as a niche topic focused on technology transfer, economic development, and the formation of entrepreneurial ecosystems. Furthermore, new lines of research are emerging that focus on the active role of universities in promoting social and sustainable entrepreneurship, especially in postpandemic scenarios. The thematic evolution shows a shift from macroeconomic perspectives toward individual-centered approaches, with a conceptual transition from human capital to social capital. In conclusion, thestudy confirms a structural maturity of the field, where entrepreneurial intention is positioned as the dominant construct, while the social and sustainability components are beginning to be progressively integrated, although still with less centrality. Universities stand out as strategic agentsfor incubating ventures with economic, social, and environmental value. This work contributes to offering a panoramic view of the field and identifies future opportunities to explore emerging pedagogical approaches, synergies with public policies, and institutional impact metrics in the promotion of social and sustainable entrepreneurship







