Efectos del bazedoxifeno y del calcio más vitamina D sobre la calidad ósea en ratas ovariectomizadas
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2023
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04/07/2022
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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La osteoporosis es actualmente la enfermedad metabólica ósea más común y uno delos problemas de salud más apremiantes a nivel mundial debido a su enorme carga social y económica. Su tratamiento es multidisciplinar e incluye tanto medidas no farmacológicas, de salud pública aplicables a toda la población, como medidas farmacológicas, mayoritariamente terapias antirresortivas. El déficit de estrógenos es un factor clave de la patogenia de la osteoporosis postmenopáusica, por ello, la terapia hormonal sustitutiva con estrógenos ha sido un tratamiento de primera elección para prevenir las fracturas vertebrales y de cadera. Sin embargo, las complicaciones cardiovasculares que se asociaron al tratamiento, así como el aumento del riesgo de padecer cáncer de mama desaconsejaron su uso. Un gran descubrimiento fue la aparición de los moduladores selectivos de los receptores estrogénicos (SERMs) que evitan muchos de estos efectos secundarios. Los SERMs son agentes sintéticos no esteroideos que se unen al receptor estrogénico y presentan actividad agonistao antagonista estrogénica según el tipo de tejido. Dentro de ellos, el bazedoxifeno, es un SERM de 3ª generación con efectos agonistas sobre el hueso y efectos favorables adicionales sobre los lípidos, el útero y el tejido mamario. Se ha demostrado que el bazedoxifeno reduce la incidencia de nuevas fracturas vertebrales en pacientes con osteoporosis y también la incidencia de fracturas no vertebrales en pacientes de alto riesgo. Además, es un medicamento muy bien tolerado, sin efectos nocivos sobre el endometrio o el tejido mamario...
Osteoporosis is currently the most common metabolic bone disease and one of the most pressing health problems worldwide due to its enormous social and economic burden. Its treatment is multidisciplinary and includes both non-pharmacological, public health measures, applicable to the entire population, and pharmacological measures, mostly antiresorptive therapies. Estrogen deficiency is a key factor in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis, therefore, estrogen replacement hormone therapy has been a first-line treatment to prevent vertebral and hip fractures. However, the cardiovascular complications that were associated with the treatment, as well as the increased risk of developing breast cancer, discouraged its use.A great discovery was the appearance of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) that avoid many of these side effects. SERMs are non-steroidal synthetic agents that bind to the estrogen receptor and exhibit estrogen agonist or antagonist activity depending on the type of tissue. Among them, bazedoxifene is a 3rd generation SERM with agonist effects on bone and additional favorable effects on lipids, uterus and breast tissue. Bazedoxifene has been shown to reduce the incidence of new vertebral fractures in patients with osteoporosis and also the incidence of non-vertebral fractures in high-risk patients. In addition, it is a very well tolerated drug, without harmful effects on the endometrium or breast tissue...
Osteoporosis is currently the most common metabolic bone disease and one of the most pressing health problems worldwide due to its enormous social and economic burden. Its treatment is multidisciplinary and includes both non-pharmacological, public health measures, applicable to the entire population, and pharmacological measures, mostly antiresorptive therapies. Estrogen deficiency is a key factor in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis, therefore, estrogen replacement hormone therapy has been a first-line treatment to prevent vertebral and hip fractures. However, the cardiovascular complications that were associated with the treatment, as well as the increased risk of developing breast cancer, discouraged its use.A great discovery was the appearance of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) that avoid many of these side effects. SERMs are non-steroidal synthetic agents that bind to the estrogen receptor and exhibit estrogen agonist or antagonist activity depending on the type of tissue. Among them, bazedoxifene is a 3rd generation SERM with agonist effects on bone and additional favorable effects on lipids, uterus and breast tissue. Bazedoxifene has been shown to reduce the incidence of new vertebral fractures in patients with osteoporosis and also the incidence of non-vertebral fractures in high-risk patients. In addition, it is a very well tolerated drug, without harmful effects on the endometrium or breast tissue...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Farmacia, leída el 04-07-2022