Sinhogarismo en Madrid (España): Situación, necesidades y experiencias de discriminación desde una perspectiva de género
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2026
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En España, en el año 2022 se contabilizaban al menos 28.552 personas en situación sin hogar, la manifestación más extrema de pobreza y exclusión social. Dentro de este colectivo, las mujeres en situación sin hogar presentan características específicas y experiencias atravesadas por el factor de género. No obstante, la información sobre las personas en situación sin hogar de la ciudad de Madrid, y en concreto sobre las mujeres, es escasa. El presente trabajo recoge la situación, necesidades y trayectorias de 355 personas (148 mujeres y 207 hombres) en situación sin hogar que se encontraban pernoctando al aire libre o en albergues y recursos similares. Además, se incluye una submuestra de 37 mujeres atendidas en programas de carácter más específico, basados en distintos modelos de intervención (Housing First, No Second Night, etc.). Se presentan los resultados de todas las personas en situación sin hogar participantes, así como comparativas por género para conocer las realidades específicas de hombres y mujeres. Se abordan diversas áreas, como la historia de la situación sin hogar, salud, o sucesos vitales estresantes, con atención especial a tres aspectos poco estudiados en esta población en contexto español: el estigma, la discriminación interseccional, y la salud mental, en relación a la elevada prevalencia de experiencias potencialmente traumáticas que padecen las personas en situación sin hogar en general, y las mujeres en especial.
In Spain, as of 2022, at least 28,552 individuals were experiencing homelessness—the most extreme manifestation of poverty and social exclusion. Within this population, women experiencing homelessness have specific characteristics and experiences shaped by their gender. However, information on people experiencing homelessness in the city of Madrid, and particularly on women, is limited. The present work examines the situation, needs, and life trajectories of 355 individuals experiencing homelessness (148 women and 207 men), who were either sleeping outdoors or staying in shelters and similar facilities. In addition, it includes a subsample of 37 women living in more specialized programs based on various intervention models (e.g., Housing First, No Second Night). This work presents the results regarding the entire sample of people experiencing homelessness, as well as gender-based comparisons, with the aim of analyzing the specific realities of men and women. It covers several domains, including homelessness history, health, and stressful life events, with special attention to three underresearched areas in the Spanish context: stigma, intersectional discrimination, and mental health; in light of the high prevalence of potentially traumatic experiences among people experiencing homelessness, and especially among women.
In Spain, as of 2022, at least 28,552 individuals were experiencing homelessness—the most extreme manifestation of poverty and social exclusion. Within this population, women experiencing homelessness have specific characteristics and experiences shaped by their gender. However, information on people experiencing homelessness in the city of Madrid, and particularly on women, is limited. The present work examines the situation, needs, and life trajectories of 355 individuals experiencing homelessness (148 women and 207 men), who were either sleeping outdoors or staying in shelters and similar facilities. In addition, it includes a subsample of 37 women living in more specialized programs based on various intervention models (e.g., Housing First, No Second Night). This work presents the results regarding the entire sample of people experiencing homelessness, as well as gender-based comparisons, with the aim of analyzing the specific realities of men and women. It covers several domains, including homelessness history, health, and stressful life events, with special attention to three underresearched areas in the Spanish context: stigma, intersectional discrimination, and mental health; in light of the high prevalence of potentially traumatic experiences among people experiencing homelessness, and especially among women.












