Visiones de la instrucción femenina en España (siglos XVI y XVII) : Luis de León, Juan Luis Vives y Joseph Rojo
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2021
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UAM Ediciones : Instituto Universitario de Estudios de la Mujer (IUEM)
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Montalvo Mareca, S. (2021). Visiones de la instrucción femenina en España (siglos XVI y XVII): Luis de León, Juan Luis Vives y Joseph Rojo. Journal of Feminist, Gender and Women Studies, (10), 1–9.
Abstract
RESUMEN: El presente trabajo analiza los diferentes puntos de vista en torno a la cuestión de la instrucción y la educación femeninas en los siglos XVI y XVII en España. Para lograr esta meta, se acude al análisis de tres testimonios, dos de ellos fundamentales para los estudios sobre la materia: la «Instrucción de la mujer cristiana» de Juan Luis Vives y «La perfecta casada» de Luis de León. Además, sendos testimonios se comparan con el «Espejo de ilustres y perfectas señoras» de Joseph Rojo. Esta obra data, aproximadamente, de las últimas décadas del siglo XVII. Tras haber trabajado con las ideas que cada autor refleja en su texto, véase infancia, formación intelectual, importancia de la virginidad o el ejercicio de las tareas domésticas, es posible obtener como conclusión una línea de pensamiento que parte de la misoginia medieval y continúa avanzando conforme se gestan y aclimatan los cambios de los siglos posteriores. El primer elemento de esta representación es «La perfecta casada», pues, aunque se escribe después de la «Instrucción de la mujer cristiana», los valores que refleja presentan mayor proximidad con los planteamientos medievales. El texto más avanzado es el de Rojo, más cercano a las nuevas ideas de la Ilustración. La obra permite comprobar si los cambios estudiados generaron una verdadera evolución en el pensamiento colectivo o si, por el contrario, no lograron modificar la conducta de los habitantes de la España del Siglo de Oro.
ABSTRACT: This paper analyses the different points of view on the question of female instruction and education in the 16th and 17th centuries in Spain. To achieve this objective, we will analyze three testimonies, two of them fundamental for studies on the subject: «Instruction of a Christian woman» by Juan Luis Vives and «The Perfect Wife» by Luis de León. In addition, these two testimonies will be compared with the «Mirror of illustrious and perfect women» of Joseph Rojo. This work was written in the last decades of the 17th century approximately. After studying the ideas that each author shows in his text: for example on childhood, intellectual formation, the importance of virginity or domestic tasks, it is possible to obtain a conclusion in a synthesized ideological way. On this idea, we will draw a line of thought that will reflect the progressive gestation of the changes in the misogynist mentality of the Middle Ages. The first element of this line is «The Perfect Wife». Although it is written after «Instruction of a Christian woman», it presents values closer to medieval discourses. On the contrary, Rojo’s text is the most advanced and its conceptions are similar to the new views of the Age of Enlightenment. His work allows us to verify whether the changes studied generated a real evolution in collective thought or whether, on the contrary, they could not affect the behavior of the people of Spain in the Golden Age.
ABSTRACT: This paper analyses the different points of view on the question of female instruction and education in the 16th and 17th centuries in Spain. To achieve this objective, we will analyze three testimonies, two of them fundamental for studies on the subject: «Instruction of a Christian woman» by Juan Luis Vives and «The Perfect Wife» by Luis de León. In addition, these two testimonies will be compared with the «Mirror of illustrious and perfect women» of Joseph Rojo. This work was written in the last decades of the 17th century approximately. After studying the ideas that each author shows in his text: for example on childhood, intellectual formation, the importance of virginity or domestic tasks, it is possible to obtain a conclusion in a synthesized ideological way. On this idea, we will draw a line of thought that will reflect the progressive gestation of the changes in the misogynist mentality of the Middle Ages. The first element of this line is «The Perfect Wife». Although it is written after «Instruction of a Christian woman», it presents values closer to medieval discourses. On the contrary, Rojo’s text is the most advanced and its conceptions are similar to the new views of the Age of Enlightenment. His work allows us to verify whether the changes studied generated a real evolution in collective thought or whether, on the contrary, they could not affect the behavior of the people of Spain in the Golden Age.
Description
Este trabajo se ha realizado durante el disfrute de un contrato predoctoral para la Formación del Profesorado Universitario (FPU17/02884) en el marco del proyecto “Dialogyca: Del manuscrito a la prensa periódica: estudios f ilológicos y editoriales del Diálogo hispánico en dos momentos” (DIALOMOM). Nº ref. PGC2018-095886-B-I00 (MCIU/AEI/FEDER) con sede en el Instituto Universitario Menéndez Pidal de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid.