Impacto clínico de la nutrición enteral precoz en recién nacidos menores de 1500 gramos de peso al nacimiento
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2024
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20/12/2023
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La prematuridad es una de las causas crecientes de morbilidad en la infancia. Los avances en la atención neonatal de los últimos años han conseguido disminuir las cifras de mortalidad de los recién nacidos pretérmino de muy bajo peso al nacimiento (RNMBP), especialmente de los más inmaduros. En la actualidad, los esfuerzos se centran en conseguir un adecuado crecimiento y neurodesarrollo de estos niños y disminuir sus potenciales complicaciones y secuelas a largo plazo. El adecuado soporte nutricional es fundamental en el manejo de estos pacientes. La nutrición enteral ha ido ganando importancia frente a la nutrición parenteral por su papel clave para el desarrollo intestinal y su posible impacto en el desarrollo de enfermedades graves como la enterocolitis necrotizante o la infección invasiva. La estrategia nutricional enteral temprana podría disminuir las complicaciones infecciosas e inflamatorias de los RNMBP mejorando su morbimortalidad, su crecimiento posnatal y su neurodesarrollo...
Prematurity is one of the growing causes of morbidity in infancy. Advances in neonatal care in recent years have managed to reduce the mortality of very low birth weight preterm newborns (VLBW), especially the most immature. At present, efforts are focused on achieving adequate growth and neurodevelopment of these children and reducing their potential complications and long-term sequelae. Adequate nutritional support is fundamental in the management of these patients. Enteral nutrition has been gaining importance over parenteral nutrition due to its key role in intestinal development and its possible impact on the development of severe diseases such as necrotizing enterocolitis or invasive infection. Early enteral nutritional strategy could decrease infectious and inflammatory complications in VLBW infants improving their morbimortality, postnatal growth and neurodevelopment...
Prematurity is one of the growing causes of morbidity in infancy. Advances in neonatal care in recent years have managed to reduce the mortality of very low birth weight preterm newborns (VLBW), especially the most immature. At present, efforts are focused on achieving adequate growth and neurodevelopment of these children and reducing their potential complications and long-term sequelae. Adequate nutritional support is fundamental in the management of these patients. Enteral nutrition has been gaining importance over parenteral nutrition due to its key role in intestinal development and its possible impact on the development of severe diseases such as necrotizing enterocolitis or invasive infection. Early enteral nutritional strategy could decrease infectious and inflammatory complications in VLBW infants improving their morbimortality, postnatal growth and neurodevelopment...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, leída el 20-12-2023