La delimitación de fronteras en la Amazonía entre Ecuador y Perú y su impacto en el grupo etnolingüístico jíbaro
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2024
Defense date
18/09/2024
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El establecimiento de la frontera internacional entre Perú y Ecuador supuso una rotura en las relaciones familiares, comerciales, políticas y espirituales del grupo etnolingüístico jíbaro, localizado en la selva amazónica. La dificultad de acceso a la región por sus características físicas llevó al despliegue, ya desde el siglo XIX y hasta bien entrado el siglo XX, de políticas administrativas para controlar este territorio y, de la década de 1940 en adelante, para adherirlo a la soberanía nacional de cada Estado. Para conseguirlo fue necesario dominar a las poblaciones indígenas que allí se encontraban, recurriéndose a la educación a través de las misiones y a la militarización: con ello se comenzó un proceso de conversión en ciudadanos ecuatorianos o peruanos. Esta investigación tiene como fin indagar en el impacto de la frontera en los grupos shuar, achuar, awajún y wampis, así como el alcance de las políticas nacionalizadoras por parte de ambos países.
Establishing the international border between Peru and Ecuador meant a rupture in the family, commercial, political, and spiritual relationships of the Jivaro ethnolinguistic group located in the Amazon rainforest. The difficulty of accessing the region due to its physical characteristics led to the deployment, from the 19th century and well into the 20th century, of administrative policies to control this territory and, from the 1940s onwards, to make it part of the national sovereignty of each State. To this achievement, it was necessary to dominate their indigenous inhabitants, resorting to education through missions, and militarization; with this, a process of conversion into Ecuadorian or Peruvian citizens began. This research aims to study the impact of the border on the Shuar, Achuar, Awajún, and Wampis groups, as well as the scope of the nationalization policies of both countries.
Establishing the international border between Peru and Ecuador meant a rupture in the family, commercial, political, and spiritual relationships of the Jivaro ethnolinguistic group located in the Amazon rainforest. The difficulty of accessing the region due to its physical characteristics led to the deployment, from the 19th century and well into the 20th century, of administrative policies to control this territory and, from the 1940s onwards, to make it part of the national sovereignty of each State. To this achievement, it was necessary to dominate their indigenous inhabitants, resorting to education through missions, and militarization; with this, a process of conversion into Ecuadorian or Peruvian citizens began. This research aims to study the impact of the border on the Shuar, Achuar, Awajún, and Wampis groups, as well as the scope of the nationalization policies of both countries.













