Dimensión territorial del extractivismo del carbón en Colombia: estrategia para una transición ecológica justa en el departamento del Cesar
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2026
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24/04/2026
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Esta investigación tiene como objetivo general diseñar una estrategia socioterritorial de capacidad de acogida para la implantación de energía solar fotovoltaica en el departamento del Cesar que, sustentada en el análisis de la trayectoria e impactos del extractivismo del carbón, operativice acciones de transición ecológica justa en los territorios mineros. Los resultados muestran, primero, que el paradigma del desarrollo sostenible ha pasado de la conciencia ambiental a su institucionalización en la agenda pública global, pero persiste una brecha entre norma y desempeño alimentada por tensiones entre crecimiento económico y protección ambiental y coyunturas internacionales que despolitizan conflictos. Segundo, la producción de carbón en Colombia se configuró como paradigma del extractivismo: en su fase inicial (1973-1999) se asentó la gran minería a través de una cadena logística distribuida en los departamentos de La Guajira, el Cesar y el Magdalena (extracción, transporte y embarque), y en su consolidación (2000-2022), al amparo de privatizaciones, extranjerización y un marco normativo-fiscal proextractivo intensificaron la concentración espacial, la dependencia del comercio exterior y los débiles encadenamientos locales, generando además de una mayor dependencia fiscal mayor vulnerabilidad a las dinámicas del mercado internacional...
This research has the overarching aim of designing a socio-territorial carrying-capacity strategy for the deployment of solar photovoltaic energy in the Department of Cesar that, grounded in an analysis of the trajectory and impacts of coal extractivism, operationalises actions for a just ecological transition in mining territories. The results show, first, that the sustainable development paradigm has moved from environmental awareness to its institutionalisation in the global public agenda, yet a gap between norm and performance persists, fuelled by tensions between economic growth and environmental protection and by international conjunctures that tend to depoliticise conflicts. Second, coal production in Colombia became a paradigm of extractivism: in its initial phase (1973–1999) large-scale mining was established through a logistics chain spanning La Guajira, Cesar and Magdalena (extraction, transport and shipment); in its consolidation (2000–2022), under privatisations, increased foreign ownership and a pro-extractive regulatory-fiscal framework, spatial concentration intensified, dependence on external trade deepened and local linkages remained weak, generating greater fiscal dependence and heightened vulnerability to international market dynamics...
This research has the overarching aim of designing a socio-territorial carrying-capacity strategy for the deployment of solar photovoltaic energy in the Department of Cesar that, grounded in an analysis of the trajectory and impacts of coal extractivism, operationalises actions for a just ecological transition in mining territories. The results show, first, that the sustainable development paradigm has moved from environmental awareness to its institutionalisation in the global public agenda, yet a gap between norm and performance persists, fuelled by tensions between economic growth and environmental protection and by international conjunctures that tend to depoliticise conflicts. Second, coal production in Colombia became a paradigm of extractivism: in its initial phase (1973–1999) large-scale mining was established through a logistics chain spanning La Guajira, Cesar and Magdalena (extraction, transport and shipment); in its consolidation (2000–2022), under privatisations, increased foreign ownership and a pro-extractive regulatory-fiscal framework, spatial concentration intensified, dependence on external trade deepened and local linkages remained weak, generating greater fiscal dependence and heightened vulnerability to international market dynamics...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Geografía e Historia, leída el 24/04/2026












