En torno a la ‘Armada de la Especiería’: La naturaleza exótica a los ojos de Antonio Pigafetta (c. 1480- c. 1534)
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2022
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Real Academia de Doctores de España
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González Bueno, Antonio. “En torno a la ‘Armada de la Especiería’: la naturaleza exótica a los ojos de Antonio Pigafetta (c. 1480- c. 1534)”. Anales de la Real Academia de Doctores de España, 7(2): 311-328. Madrid, 2022.
Abstract
La naturaleza exótica fue interpretada, durante el siglo XVI, como una simple prolongación del entorno mediterráneo. Las plantas y los animales visualizados en otros territorios fueron asimilados a los descritos, de manera real o metafórica, en los textos clásicos; suponer que constituían elementos diferentes era tarea ardua para la que aún no estaban preparadas las mentes de sus primeros estudiosos, estos se empeñan en identificar las naturalezas fabulosas de las que escribieron los clásicos con las novedades observadas o -en el mejor de los casos- se ocuparon de realizar una descripción basada en su similitud con un elemento europeo que les fuera familiar.
Nos ocupamos de analizar esta particular percepción de la naturaleza exótica en los textos de Antonio Pigafetta, partícipe en la ‘Armada de la Especiería’; la expedición iniciada por Fernando de Magallanes, en 1519, y completada por Juan Sebastián Elcano, en 1522, que permitió descubrir la ruta a Asia por el oeste y realizó la primera circunvalación de la Tierra.
The exotic nature was interpreted, during the 15th century, as a simple extension of the mediterranean environment. The plants and animals visualized in other territories were assimilated to those described, real or metaphorically, in the classical texts; to suppose that they constituted different elements was an arduous task for which the minds of their first scholars were not yet prepared, they are determined to identify the fabulous natures of which the classics wrote with the observed novelties or - at best - they took care to make a description based on their similarity with a European element that was familiar to them. We analyze this particular perception of exotic nature in the texts of Antonio Pigafetta, participant in the ‘Armada de la Especiería’; the expedition initiated by Fernando de Magallanes, in 1519, and completed by Juan Sebastián Elcano, in 1522, which allowed to discover the route to Asia by the West and made the first ring of the Earth.
The exotic nature was interpreted, during the 15th century, as a simple extension of the mediterranean environment. The plants and animals visualized in other territories were assimilated to those described, real or metaphorically, in the classical texts; to suppose that they constituted different elements was an arduous task for which the minds of their first scholars were not yet prepared, they are determined to identify the fabulous natures of which the classics wrote with the observed novelties or - at best - they took care to make a description based on their similarity with a European element that was familiar to them. We analyze this particular perception of exotic nature in the texts of Antonio Pigafetta, participant in the ‘Armada de la Especiería’; the expedition initiated by Fernando de Magallanes, in 1519, and completed by Juan Sebastián Elcano, in 1522, which allowed to discover the route to Asia by the West and made the first ring of the Earth.