Vulnerabilidad y verosimilitud cognitivas: ni Rorty ni Habermas
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Publication date
2023
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Publisher
Plaza y Valdés Editores
Citation
González-Castán, Ó.L. (2023). "Vulnerabilidad y verosimilitud cognitivas: ni Rorty ni Habermas", en Ciencia y Método en los Siglos XIX y XX, Juan Antonio Valor y María de Paz Amérigo (eds.), Madrid: Plaza y Valdés, pp. 217-262.
Abstract
Los dos conceptos básicos que presento son los de vulnerabilidad y verosimilitud cognitivas. Desde ellos es posible abordar las nociones de justificación y verdad de una forma que desarbole las dispares relaciones que Rorty y Habermas ven entre ellas. La noción de vulnerabilidad cognitiva está pensada para reemplazar la noción de falibilismo del centro del debate epistemológico, aunque la incluya. La verosimilitud cognitiva, en un sentido que no es popperiano, surge como consecuencia de nuestra vulnerabilidad cognitiva y debe insertarse como un tercer elemento entre la justificación y la verdad. Por tanto, la tesis de partida es que la terna “falibilismo/justificación/verdad” debe ser sustituida por el cuarteto “vulnerabilidad cognitiva/justificación/verosimilitud cognitiva/verdad”. Dado que Rorty y Habermas se mueven dentro de los contornos establecidos por el primer trío, aunque para dibujarlos de distinta manera, su sustitución por el nuevo cuarteto habrá de tener necesariamente consecuencias importantes. Todas estas sustituciones deben ponerse a trabajar conjuntamente para evaluar cuáles son los rendimientos epistemológicos del cambio de teorías en el ámbito de la ciencia.
The two basic concepts I introduce in this chapter are cognitive vulnerability and cognitive verisimilitude. From them it is possible to approach the notions of justification and truth in a way that dismantles the relationships that Rorty and Habermas see between them. The notion of cognitive vulnerability is intended to replace the notion of fallibilism at the centre of the epistemological debate, although it includes it. Cognitive verisimilitude, in a non-Popperian sense, arises as a consequence of our cognitive vulnerability and must be inserted as a third element between justification and truth. Therefore, the starting thesis is that the triplet “fallibilism/justification/truth” must be replaced by the quartet “cognitive vulnerability/justification/cognitive verisimilitude/truth”. Since Rorty and Habermas move within the contours established by the first trio, although to draw them in a different way, their replacement by the new quartet will necessarily have important consequences. All these substitutions must be put to work to evaluate what the epistemological performances of the change of theories in the field of science are.
The two basic concepts I introduce in this chapter are cognitive vulnerability and cognitive verisimilitude. From them it is possible to approach the notions of justification and truth in a way that dismantles the relationships that Rorty and Habermas see between them. The notion of cognitive vulnerability is intended to replace the notion of fallibilism at the centre of the epistemological debate, although it includes it. Cognitive verisimilitude, in a non-Popperian sense, arises as a consequence of our cognitive vulnerability and must be inserted as a third element between justification and truth. Therefore, the starting thesis is that the triplet “fallibilism/justification/truth” must be replaced by the quartet “cognitive vulnerability/justification/cognitive verisimilitude/truth”. Since Rorty and Habermas move within the contours established by the first trio, although to draw them in a different way, their replacement by the new quartet will necessarily have important consequences. All these substitutions must be put to work to evaluate what the epistemological performances of the change of theories in the field of science are.