Evaluación de la prevalencia de la diabetes mellitus gestacional en España
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2023
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Abstract
La prevalencia de la diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG) en la población española es de, aproximadamente, el 12%. Esta enfermedad incrementa el riesgo de complicaciones graves tanto en el embarazo, como después del parto para la madre y para el hijo. Actualmente no existe en España un test de cribado de DMG en el primer trimestre de embarazo que sea universalmente aceptado, por tanto es necesario desarrollar un modelo predictivo a fin de conseguir una prevención eficaz. Para construir este modelo se considerará como variable respuesta la presencia o ausencia de DMG y se evaluarán las variables explicativas que podrían estar asociadas con su desarrollo. Estas variables pueden incluir factores de riesgo conocidos, como la edad materna, el índice de masa corporal, los antecedentes familiares de diabetes, entre otros. Además, se realizará una validación exhaustiva del modelo para examinar su precisión en la predicción de la DMG. Por último, se evaluará su rendimiento en términos de sensibilidad, especificidad y el área bajo la curva ROC.
The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the Spanish population is approximately 12%. This disease increases the risk of serious complications both during pregnancy and after delivery for the mother and child. There is currently no universally accepted screening test for GDM in the first trimester of pregnancy in Spain, so it is necessary to develop a predictive model to achieve effective prevention. To construct this model, the presence or absence of GDM will be considered as a response variable and the explanatory variables that could be associated with its development will be evaluated. These variables may include known risk factors, such as maternal age, body mass index, family history of diabetes, among others. In addition, a thorough validation of the model will be performed to examine its accuracy in predicting GDM. Finally, its performance in terms of sensitivity, specificity and area under the ROC curve will be evaluated.
The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the Spanish population is approximately 12%. This disease increases the risk of serious complications both during pregnancy and after delivery for the mother and child. There is currently no universally accepted screening test for GDM in the first trimester of pregnancy in Spain, so it is necessary to develop a predictive model to achieve effective prevention. To construct this model, the presence or absence of GDM will be considered as a response variable and the explanatory variables that could be associated with its development will be evaluated. These variables may include known risk factors, such as maternal age, body mass index, family history of diabetes, among others. In addition, a thorough validation of the model will be performed to examine its accuracy in predicting GDM. Finally, its performance in terms of sensitivity, specificity and area under the ROC curve will be evaluated.