The relationship between additional heads of the quadriceps femoris, the vasti muscles, and the patellar ligament

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dc.contributor.authorOlewnik, Lukasz
dc.contributor.authorRuzik, Kacper
dc.contributor.authorSzewczyk, Bartłomiej
dc.contributor.authorPodgórski, Michal
dc.contributor.authorAragonés Maza, Paloma
dc.contributor.authorKarauda, Piotr
dc.contributor.authorShane Tubbs, R
dc.contributor.authorSañudo Tejero, José Ramón
dc.contributor.authorBettencourt Pires, Maria
dc.contributor.authorPolguj, Michal
dc.date.accessioned2024-07-31T11:56:24Z
dc.date.available2024-07-31T11:56:24Z
dc.date.issued2022-02-16
dc.description.abstractThe quadriceps femoris consists of four muscles: the rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and vastus lateralis. However, the effect of additional quadriceps femoris heads on the vasti muscles and patellar ligaments is unknown. The aims of the present study are to determine the relationship between additional quadriceps femoris heads and the vasti muscles and patellar ligaments and to review the morphology of the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius. Materials and Methods. One hundred and six lower limbs (34 male and 19 female cadavers) fixed in 10% formalin were examined. Results. On all lower extremities, the vastus lateralis consisted of superficial, intermediate, and deep layers. The vastus medialis, on the other hand, consisted of only the longus and obliquus layers. The quadriceps head had one or more supplementary heads in 106 dissected limbs from 68 cadavers (64.1%). The distal portion of the patella was wider in lower limbs without supplementary heads than in type IA but narrower than in type IIIA. In general, the distal portion of the patella was narrower in specimens with a supplementary head than in those without (19.03 SD 3.18 mm vs. 20.58 SD 2.95 mm, p = 0:03817). Other patellar ligament dimensions did not differ significantly. Conclusion. The quadriceps femoris muscle is characterized by high morphological variability. Occurrence of extra heads is at the level of 64.1%. The vastus lateralis consists of three parts (superficial, intermediate, and deep), and vastus medialis consists of two (longus and oblique).
dc.description.departmentDepto. de Anatomía y Embriología
dc.description.facultyFac. de Medicina
dc.description.refereedTRUE
dc.description.statuspub
dc.identifier.citationOlewnik Ł, Ruzik K, Szewczyk B, Podgórski M, Aragonés P, Karauda P, et al. The relationship between additional heads of the quadriceps femoris, the vasti muscles, and the patellar ligament. Biomed Res Int [Internet]. 2022;2022:1–11. Disponible en: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9569101
dc.identifier.doi10.1155/2022/9569101
dc.identifier.officialurlhttps://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9569101
dc.identifier.relatedurlhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1155/2022/9569101
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/107321
dc.issue.number1
dc.journal.titleBioMed Research International
dc.language.isoeng
dc.page.initial9569101
dc.publisherWiley
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.accessRightsopen access
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject.cdu611.73
dc.subject.ucmAnatomía
dc.subject.unesco2410.02 Anatomía Humana
dc.titleThe relationship between additional heads of the quadriceps femoris, the vasti muscles, and the patellar ligament
dc.typejournal article
dc.type.hasVersionVoR
dc.volume.number2022
dspace.entity.typePublication
relation.isAuthorOfPublication1172e8b1-09b2-43ba-b674-13e9b2fd1f12
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationdcb63eb9-b997-4f0a-a8f3-5f8b72d9ea08
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery1172e8b1-09b2-43ba-b674-13e9b2fd1f12
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